Effects of Alcohol and Emotion Regulation on Performance Monitoring

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议研究的长期目标是通过研究情绪调节中的个体差异与酒精减少痛苦的效果之间的关系，提高对酒精消费强化效应的理解。大量先前的研究表明，酒精抑制负面情绪，有时被用来调节心理痛苦(见Greeley&Oei，1999；Sher，1987)。其他研究表明，使用不太有效的情绪调节策略的人患酒精使用问题的风险更高(库珀等人，1995年)。然而，到目前为止，还没有研究直接测试急性剂量的酒精对情绪调节风格不同的个体的不同强化程度。这项拟议的研究的主要目的是使用行为和心理生理学相结合的方法，调查情绪调节的个体差异是否调节了酒精对错误和负面反馈引起的痛苦的影响。参与者将被随机分配到三个饮料组(酒精、安慰剂或对照饮料)中的一个，然后进行反复试验的学习范式(Holroyd&Coles，2002)，同时记录事件相关脑电位(ERPs)。这一范式特别适合于拟议的工作，因为它利用了已知的依赖于对自我调节至关重要的认知和情感过程的整合的绩效监测过程。情绪调节的个体差异将通过情绪调节问卷(ERG；Gross&John，2003)进行评估。这项拟议的研究有两个主要目的。 首先，这项拟议的研究将测试情绪调节的个体差异如何影响绩效监控和调整过程，重点关注负面反馈加工的潜在差异。其次，这项工作将测试情绪调节的个体差异和酒精的交互作用如何影响与痛苦相关的、对错误和负反馈的电生理反应，作为检验关于醉酒强化特性的个体差异的假设的一种方式。这项拟议的研究有两个主要的公共卫生影响。首先，这项工作有可能提高对影响调节过程的理解，这些过程会使某些人面临患上酒精使用障碍的风险。第二，更广泛地说，这项工作可以通过提供关于导致酒精损害表现监测和调整的潜在心理(即认知/情感)机制的关键数据，为旨在减少与饮酒有关的伤害的努力提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of the proposed research is to improve understanding of the reinforcing effects of alcohol consumption by studying how individual differences in emotion regulation relate to distress-reducing effects of alcohol. Considerable previous research indicates that alcohol dampens negative affect and is sometimes used in the regulation of psychological distress (see Greeley & Oei, 1999; Sher, 1987). Other work indicates that individuals using less effective emotion regulation strategies are at heightened risk for developing alcohol use problems (Cooper et al., 1995). To date, however, no research has directly tested the extent to which an acute dose of alcohol is differentially reinforcing to individuals differing in emotion regulation styles. The primary purpose of the proposed research is to investigate whether individual differences in emotion regulation modulate alcohol's effects on the distress aroused by errors and negative feedback, using a combined behavioral and psychophysiological approach. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three beverage groups (alcohol, placebo, or control beverage) and then engage in a trial-and-error learning paradigm (Holroyd & Coles, 2002) while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) are recorded. This paradigm is particularly well suited for the proposed work because it taps into performance monitoring processes known to rely on the integration of cognitive and affective processes critical for self-regulation. Individual differences in emotion regulation will be assessed by the emotion regulation questionnaire (ERG; Gross & John, 2003). There are two primary aims of the proposed research. First, the proposed study will test how individual differences in emotion regulation influence performance monitoring and adjustment processes, focusing on potential differences in processing of negative feedback. Second, this work will test how distress-related, electrophysiological responses to errors and negative feedback is affected by the interaction of individual differences in emotion regulation and alcohol, as a way of testing hypotheses concerning individual differences in the reinforcing properties of intoxication. The proposed research has two primary public health implications. First, this work has the potential to improve understanding of affect-regulation processes that put certain individuals at risk for developing alcohol use disorders. Second, and more generally, this work can inform efforts aimed at drinking-related harm reduction by providing key data on the underlying psychological (i.e., cognitive/affective) mechanisms responsible for alcohol's impairment of performance monitoring and adjustment.