Antibody-nanoparticle conjugates for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse

描述（由申请人提供）：甲基苯丙胺（冰毒）是美国和世界范围内的主要毒品威胁，目前还没有FDA批准的药物来治疗冰毒引起的医疗问题。抗体疗法是治疗冰毒滥用的一种令人兴奋的潜在药物。临床前研究表明，抗甲基苯丙胺的高亲和力单克隆抗体（mAb）可以快速减少甲基苯丙胺在大脑中的数量，并减少甲基苯丙胺引起的行为影响。目前在临床前测试中有两种形式的抗甲基安非他明单克隆抗体：长效完整IgG形式和极短效单链可变片段（scFv）。较小的单抗比完整的单抗更经济地生产，并且递送相同数量的甲基甲醚结合片段所需的蛋白质剂量仅为完整单抗剂量的三分之一；然而，scFv的体内半衰期目前太短，无法提供长期保护，免受甲基苯丙胺效应的影响。由于药物的药代动力学特性对药物的有效性和效力有巨大的影响，因此可以通过创造性地将分子工程和纳米技术应用于这些药物的合理设计来改进抗甲基安非他明抗体拮抗剂。纳米技术的进步为定制蛋白质和抗体疗法带来了令人兴奋的新可能性。其中一项创新是一类被称为树状大分子的新分子，它是通过将分子聚合成重复的支链而合成的。这个项目的假设是，抗甲基安非他明抗体片段的功效和作用时间可以定制，并通过将其偶联到树状大分子递送系统来进行最佳控制。本课题的目标是：1-利用分子工程技术制备高亲和力的抗甲基安非他明抗体片段。生成和表征抗甲基苯丙胺scFv树突传递系统（树突体）用于体内药理学测试。在大鼠临床前研究中检验新型抗甲基苯丙胺scFv和树突体药物的安全性和药理学特性。这些建议的研究将整合分子生物学、纳米技术、药代动力学和治疗学等领域，并将其应用于药物滥用的药物开发。如果成功，这些研究将开发出新的抗体药物，用于治疗与甲基苯丙胺滥用有关的一系列临床问题，并可能为定制抗体药代动力学拮抗剂创造新的范例。公共卫生相关性：这些研究与公共卫生直接相关，因为它们将创造新的药物来治疗与甲基苯丙胺滥用有关的医学问题，甲基苯丙胺是美国和世界上的主要毒品威胁。通过分子生物学和纳米技术的结合，我们将创造具有定制特性的抗体拮抗剂，直接应用于与甲基苯丙胺相关的医疗需求，如药物过量和成瘾。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Methamphetamine (METH) is a principal drug threat in the US and worldwide and there are no FDA approved medications to treat the medical problems caused by METH. One exciting potential medication for the treatment of METH abuse is antibody therapy. Preclinical studies have shown that high affinity monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against METH can quickly reduce the amount of METH in the brain, and reduce METH-induced behavioral effects. There are currently two forms of anti-METH mAbs in preclinical testing: a long-acting intact IgG form and the extremely short-acting single chain variable fragment (scFv). The smaller scFv can be produced more economically than intact mAbs and the protein dose required to deliver the same number of METH-binding fragments is only one-third the intact mAb dose; however, the in vivo half-life of scFv is currently too short to offer longer-term protection from the effects of METH effects. Since the pharmacokinetic properties of a medication have dramatic influences on the effectiveness and potency, an anti-METH antibody antagonist could be improved by creatively applying molecular engineering and nanotechnology to the rational design of these medications. Advances in nanotechnology have introduced exciting new possibilities for customizing protein and antibody therapies. One of these innovations is the new class of molecule called dendrimers, which are synthesized by polymerizing molecules into repeating branched chains. The hypothesis for this project is that the efficacy and duration of action of an anti-METH antibody fragment can be customized and optimally controlled by conjugating it to a dendrimer delivery system. The aims of this project are: 1- Use molecular engineering techniques to produce high affinity anti-METH antibody fragments. 2- Generate and characterize anti-METH scFv dendrimer delivery systems (dendribodies) for in vivo pharmacological testing. 3- Examine the safety and pharmacological properties of the novel anti-METH scFv and dendribody medications in preclinical studies in rats. These proposed studies will integrate the fields of molecular biology, nanotechnology, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutics and apply them to medications development for drug abuse. If successful, these studies will develop new antibody medications for treating a range of clinical problems related to METH abuse, and could possibly create a new paradigm for customizing antibody pharmacokinetic antagonists. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: These studies have immediate relevance to public health because they will create new medications to treat medical problems associated with methamphetamine abuse, a principal drug threat in the US and the world. Through the combination of molecular biology and nanotechnology, we will create antibody antagonists with customized properties for direct application to methamphetamine-related medical needs like drug overdose and addiction.