Compact CT Robust to Patient Motion for the Neuro ICU and OR

描述（由申请人提供）：平板探测器和微型计算机的最新进展使得紧凑型和移动的计算机断层扫描（CT）成像设备在牙科和耳鼻喉科应用中获得成功，并显示出神经成像应用的前景。然而，患有神经系统疾病的未镇静患者在扫描期间倾向于移动，这降低了软组织/大脑观察窗口中的图像质量。 该提案提出了一种创新的方法来补偿患者移动，以恢复CT检查的图像质量。该方法包括软件算法，以估计和校正患者的运动从投影数据，采用廉价和容易获得的不透射线标记。该技术有可能提高ICU、CCU和OR中神经成像的及时性、安全性和可靠性。示例应用包括监测或检测出血和梗塞、评估脑移位和压迫、放置脑室分流导管和深部脑刺激。 第一阶段将致力于开发运动补偿方法，并证明适当的成像性能。测试数据将从具有模拟脑血管的头部体模受试者中获得，并在测试台上进行真实的机械诱导运动。将开发一种算法，以根据连接到头部的不透射线标记的X射线投影准确估计受试者移动。另一种算法将被开发来重建图像，结合运动估计。将根据临床医生反馈进行端到端测试。 在第2阶段，将简化申报器械，包括算法加速，以实现临床环境中的实际使用。将进行临床研究，以评价和完善商业上市的方法。该系统的商业机会估计将在10年内在美国超过5000个系统，这将导致创造约100个就业机会。 公共卫生相关性：最近出现的紧凑型CT设备可以直接在ICU、CCU和OR中进行头部CT扫描，因此有可能提高神经成像的及时性、安全性和可靠性。实现这一潜力的障碍是这些系统的扫描时间比传统CT设备更长，使得成像性能更容易受到患者运动的影响。为了克服这一障碍，本项目提出将联合收割机与运动补偿方法相结合的高度紧凑的移动的平板CT系统。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent advances in flat-panel detectors and microcomputers have enabled compact and mobile computed tomography (CT) imaging devices to be successful in dental and otolaryngology applications, and show promise for neurological imaging applications. However unsedated patients with neurological conditions tend to move during the scan which degrades image quality in the soft-tissue / brain viewing windows. This proposal presents an innovative method to compensate for patient movement to restore image quality for CT exams. The method consists of software algorithms to estimate and correct patient movement from the projection data, employing inexpensive and readily available radio-opaque markers. This technology has the potential to improve timeliness, safety, and reliability of neuro-imaging in the ICU, CCU, and OR. Example applications include monitoring or detecting bleeds and infarcts, evaluating brain shift and compression, placing ventricular shunt catheters, and deep brain stimulation. Phase 1 will be devoted to the development of the motion compensation method and to demonstrating adequate imaging performance. Test data will be obtained from a head phantom subject with simulated brain hemorrhages and with realistic, mechanically-induced movement on a testbed. An algorithm will be developed to accurately estimate subject movement from the x-ray projections of radio-opaque markers attached to the head. Another algorithm will be developed to reconstruct images, incorporating the motion estimates. End-to-end tests will be performed with clinician feedback. In phase 2, the proposed device will be streamlined, including algorithm speedup, to enable practical use in clinical settings. Clinical studies will be performed to evaluate and refine the method for commercial launch. The commercial opportunity for the system is estimated to be over 5000 systems in the USA over 10 years, which would lead to the creation of approximately 100 jobs. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Recently emergent compact CT devices can perform head CT scans directly in the ICU, CCU, and OR, and therefore have the potential to improve timeliness, safety, and reliability of neuro- imaging. An obstacle to fulfilling this potential is that these systems have longer scanning times than conventional CT devices, making imaging performance more vulnerable to patient motion. To overcome this obstacle, this project proposes to combine a highly compact, mobile flat panel CT system with a method for motion compensation.