Nonsmokers and Tobacco Control Norms: Population Surveys and Intervention Studies

描述(申请人提供)：这项提案的重点是测试一种在人群水平上增加戒烟的新想法。我们建议进行人口调查和干预研究，以证明非吸烟者是增加人口戒断率的关键。这个大型项目分为三个相互重叠的阶段：第一阶段：调查：我们将对具有全国代表性的样本进行调查，以检验这样一个假设，即在控烟指数较高的州，不吸烟者和吸烟者在控烟措施上的态度差距明显大于低指数州，以及态度差距(按州分组)预测了戒烟率。这项针对3500名吸烟者和3500名不吸烟者的调查将与Knowledge Networks Inc.第二阶段进行。随机试验：我们将从一般社区(一半来自加利福尼亚州，一半来自俄克拉何马州)招募2960户吸烟家庭(包括一名成年不吸烟者)，并将他们随机分配到2×2析因设计中：一个因素是干预针对的是吸烟者还是不吸烟者，另一个因素是干预的强度。他们将接受为期12个月的随访。要检验的两个主要假设是：针对不吸烟者的信息在家庭中吸烟者中产生的戒烟率明显高于针对吸烟者的信息，以及更高的干预强度产生更高的戒烟率。第三阶段：比较媒体研究和传播：我们将创建一个新的戒烟媒体点，并将其与加利福尼亚州和俄克拉何马州现有的媒体活动进行比较。这两个州的卫生部门(他们是联合调查人员)承诺协调他们正在进行的媒体宣传活动与这项研究。在每个州选定的市场中，我们将使用ABAB设计(A=针对吸烟者，B=针对非吸烟者)来测试新媒体广告的效果。使用每个州的戒烟电话数量作为替代指标，我们将检验这样一个假设，即针对非吸烟者的媒体广告产生的戒烟电话呼叫率明显高于针对吸烟者的媒体广告。我们通过与多个州卫生部门的合作，在该项目中进行合作传播

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal focuses on testing a new idea to increase smoking cessation on the population level. We propose to conduct population surveys and intervention studies to demonstrate that nonsmokers hold the key to increasing population cessation. This large project is grouped by three overlapping phases: Phase 1: Surveys: We will conduct surveys of nationally representative samples to test the hypothesis that the attitudinal gaps between nonsmokers and smokers on tobacco control measures are significantly larger among those living in states with a high tobacco control index than among those in low index states, and that the attitudinal gap (grouped by state) predicts the smoking cessation rate. The survey of 3,500 smokers and 3,500 nonsmokers will be conducted with Knowledge Networks Inc. Phase 2. A Randomized Trial: We will recruit 2,960 smoking households (with an adult non-smoker) from the general community (half from California and half from Oklahoma) and randomly assign them into a 2 x 2 factorial design: one factor is whether the intervention targets smokers or nonsmokers and the other is the intensity of the intervention. They will be followed up for 12 months. Two primary hypotheses to test are: Messages targeting nonsmokers produce significantly higher quit rates among smokers in the household than messages targeting smokers and that higher intervention intensity produce a higher quit rate. Phase 3. A Comparative Media Study and Dissemination: We will create a new cessation media spot and compare it with the existing media campaign in California and Oklahoma. The health departments of these two states (who are co-investigators) have committed to coordinate their ongoing media campaign with this study. In a selected in market in each state, we will use an ABAB design (A= targeting smokers and B=targeting nonsmokers) to test the effects of the new media spots. Using the number of calls to each state quitline as a proxy measure, we will test the that hypothesis that media spots targeting nonsmokers produce significantly higher rates of quitline calls than media spots targeting smokers. We in cooperate dissemination into the project through collaboration with multiple state health departments