Dietary Flavonoids in Cardiovascular and Cognitive Health

描述（由申请人提供）：自1935年以来，心血管疾病（CVD）一直是导致死亡的主要原因，预计到2030年，约40%的美国人口将患有某种类型的心血管疾病。认知能力下降与传统的心血管风险因素有关，随着美国人口老龄化，认知能力下降的负担预计也会增加。中年人患心血管疾病的危险因素与老年人的认知能力下降有关。炎症和氧化过程被认为是CVD和认知能力下降之间的潜在机制。能够预防或减轻心血管疾病和认知能力下降的措施对公共卫生非常重要。植物性食物含量高的饮食，如地中海饮食，与急性冠心病、中风事件和认知障碍的发病率较低有关。类黄酮是一种在维管植物中发现的具有生物活性、无营养的多酚类化合物，可以解释植物性饮食的一些保护作用。基于黄酮类化合物的多效性，包括抗炎和抗氧化特性，提出了几种保护机制。以前的流行病学研究已经得出了关于增加类黄酮摄入量和心血管健康之间的联系强度的混合证据。本研究计划的总体目标是评估膳食类黄酮在心血管疾病和认知障碍发展中的作用。使用卒中地理和区域差异的原因（REGARDS）研究（n=30 000）的数据，我们将评估膳食类黄酮摄入量与心血管疾病和认知障碍发生率之间的关系。使用来自精神应激性缺血：预后和遗传影响（MIPS）研究（n=650）的数据，我们将评估膳食类黄酮摄入量与复发性心血管疾病之间的关系。拟议研究的结果将阐明膳食黄酮类化合物在心血管和神经退行性疾病中的作用。此外，研究结果将解决关于非西班牙裔黑人群体兴趣关联的知识差距。这一信息将有助于寻求减少心血管疾病负担和心血管疾病差异的公共卫生干预。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death since 1935 and it is anticipated that by 2030, about 40% of the US population will suffer from some type of cardiovascular disease. The burden of cognitive decline, which has been linked to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, is also expected to rise as the US population ages. Cardiovascular disease risk factors present in midlife have been associated with cognitive decline in older ages. Inflammatory and oxidative processes have been proposed as underlying mechanisms that may link CVD and cognitive decline. Measures that can protect against or mitigate CVD and cognitive decline are of great importance to public health. Diets high in plant-based foods, such as the Mediterranean diet, have been associated with a lower incidence of acute coronary heart disease, stroke events, and cognitive impairment. Flavonoids, which are bioactive, non-nutrient, polyphenolic compounds found in vascular plants, may explain some of the protective effects of plant-based diets. Several protective mechanisms have been proposed, based on the pleiotropic nature of flavonoids, which include antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. Previous epidemiologic studies have yielded mixed evidence regarding the strength of the association between increased flavonoid intake and cardiovascular health. The overarching goal of this research proposal is to evaluate the role of dietary flavonoids in the development of CVD and cognitive impairment. Using data from the REasons for Geographic and Regional Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study (n=30,0000), we will evaluate the association between dietary flavonoid intake and incident CVD and incident cognitive impairment. Using data from the Mental Stress Ischemia: Prognosis and Genetic Influences (MIPS) study (n=650), we will evaluate the association between dietary flavonoid intake and recurrent CVD. Results from the proposed research will clarify the role of dietary flavonoids in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease. Also, the results will address gaps in knowledge about the associations of interest in non-Hispanic black populations. This information will be useful in public health interventions seeking to reduce CVD burden and disparities in CVD disease.