Portable Nanostructured Photonic Crystal Device for HIV-1 Viral Load

 描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行对全球造成了毁灭性的影响，在全世界造成3000多万人感染艾滋病毒1型，2500多万人死亡。此外，据估计，每年有450 000多名婴儿通过母婴传播受到感染。虽然抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）可以有效地挽救生命和减少母婴传播，但由于缺乏简单、廉价和快速的近患者治疗监测工具，发展中国家符合治疗条件的患者中ART的覆盖率仅约为67%。为了解决这一未满足的需求，我们提出开发一种HIV-1病毒载量监测微流控平台技术，开发一种灵敏的光子晶体传感技术。该技术检测和定量生物靶标（例如，HIV-1病毒颗粒）到光学感测表面。所产生的峰值波长值的偏移与生物样品中生物靶标的浓度相关。该技术驱动的提议解决了显著的全球临床需求，并且旨在提供便携式光子晶体设备，其可以（i）从全血中选择性地捕获HIV-1，（ii）在临床截止值内敏感，（误差范围为±10%），价格低廉（<1美元），快速（30分钟内），和（iii）处理手指采血全血（高达100微升），以帮助艾滋病毒患者在资源有限的情况下护理和治疗。这种基于光子晶体的HIV-1病毒载量监测微芯片的交付可以大大促进发展中国家ART的扩展，实现ART的普及，以控制艾滋病的流行。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant: The HIV/AIDS pandemic has had a devastating global impact causing more than 30 million HIV-1 infections and over 25 million deaths worldwide. In addition, it is estimated that annually over 450,000 infants are infected through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective to save lives and reduce MTCT, the coverage of ART in treatment-eligible patients in developing countries is only approximately 67% due to the lack of simple, inexpensive and rapid near-patient treatment monitoring tools. To address the unmet need, we propose to develop an HIV-1 viral load monitoring microfluidic platform technology development of a sensitive photonic crystal sensing technology. This technology detects and quantifies the binding of biotargets (e.g., HIV-1 virus particles) to an optical sensing surface due to the change of bulk index of refraction. The resulted shift in the peak wavelength value correlates with the concentration of biotargets in a biological sample. This technology- driven proposal addresses a significant global clinical need and aims to deliver a portable photonic crystal device that can (i) selectively capture HIV-1 from whole blood, (ii) be sensitive within the clinical cut-off (with ±10% error range), inexpensive (<$1), rapid (within 30 minutes), and (iii) handle fingerprick whole blood (up to 100 µL) to aid i HIV patient care and treatment in resource-constrained settings. The delivery of this photonic crystal-based HIV-1 viral load monitoring microchips can significantly facilitate the expansion of ART in developing countries, achieving universal access to ART to control the AIDS pandemic.