Vascular niche bioengineering for human bone regeneration
Vascular niche bioengineering for human bone regeneration
批准号:
9174589
负责人:
Juan M Melero-Martin
金额:
$38.94万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2016
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2016-05-16 至 2021-04-30
关键词:
Adipose tissueAutologousBMP2 geneBMP7 geneBiological PreservationBioluminescenceBiomedical EngineeringBlood VesselsBone MarrowBone RegenerationBone TransplantationCRISPR/Cas technologyCalvariaCandidate Disease GeneCell DensityCuesDefectEducationEndothelial CellsEngraftmentExposure toGenesGoalsHarvestHumanImageImmunodeficient MouseImplantKITLG geneKnock-outLuciferasesMSX1 geneMeasuresMedicineMesenchymal Stem CellsModelingModificationMonitorMorbidity - disease rateMusNatural regenerationOsteogenesisPatientsPerfusionPericytesProceduresProcessPropertyRegulationReporterResearchSiteSourceSpecificityStem cellsTestingTissuesTransplantationUltrasonographyUmbilical Cord BloodUnited StatesVascularizationbasebonecontrast enhancedhuman stem cellshuman tissueimprovedin vivoinduced pluripotent stem cellknock-downmicroCTosteogenicosteoinductive factoroverexpressionparacrinepromoterreceptor bindingregenerative therapysmall hairpin RNAsubcutaneoussubstantia spongiosatherapy developmenttranscription factortranscriptome sequencing
中文摘要
项目摘要/摘要:
--
在美国,每年有10万名患者接受人工骨修复和手术。
仍然是老年人骨缺损的首选治疗方法,但这种治疗方法受到骨移植可用性和供体网站的限制。
发病率来自于采集新骨。或者,也可以是开发新疗法的最新发展趋势,这些疗法可以利用最大的成骨能力。
骨髓来源的骨髓间充质干细胞(BmMSCs)的潜在移植仍然是中国的优先事项。
骨再生医学。然而,由于对该技术的理解较差,这些努力在很大程度上仍停留在经验性的基础上。
在体内调节bmMSC植入和促进成骨细胞活性的机制,我们的长期目标是更好地发展。
再生性骨髓间充质干细胞疗法是一种基于生物工程的生物疗法,是一种非常适合人类骨髓间充质干细胞的骨诱导和利基疗法。
研究发现,人骨髓间充质干细胞的体内保存能力取决于能否维持与其的亲和力。
血管内皮细胞(ECs)作为血管周围干细胞(ECs)被及时移植到BmMSCs上(Lin等人,美国国家科学院院刊,2014)。
我们还发现,利用人类髂骨、松质骨和内皮细胞(BECs)构建的血管内皮网络是一种生物工程技术。
可以自发地诱导异位内皮细胞的成骨分化。相比之下,内皮细胞不同于其他来源的细胞。
人类组织不能。此外,我们还发现了五个新的候选基因(BMP2,BMP7,NOG,KITLG,)。
Msx1)在BEC中差异地被上调。我们最重要的假设是,这些生物工程微血管排列在一起。
有了BEC,BEC将成为BmMSCs的稳定利基市场,并通过对特定BEC的监管,自主地推动成骨。
此外,我们还假设,诱导出的多能干细胞(IPSCs)可能会提供大量的成骨细胞。
代用BEC的来源,消除了从自体松质骨中获取骨的需要。用于测试这些材料。
越来越多的假说试图阐明人类骨小梁细胞独一无二的精确的成骨诱导因子。
规范成骨,我们将提出三个具体的目标。在Aim-1中,我们将利用生物工程技术来构建血管内皮网络。
人类BECs和bmMSCs决定了其再生临界大小的同种异体骨缺损骨的能力。
AIM--2,我们将无法确定导致人类体内独一无二的骨诱导和潜在功能的主要因素和责任。
BECs的骨小梁。我们将对每个候选的BECs进行基因敲除,这将不会决定在体内对BECs的影响。
成骨。为了实现这一目标,我们将继续使用由最新的人类类固醇基因启动子驱动的荧光素酶-记者来进行测量。
BmMSC是通过生物发光来实现成骨活性的。在AIM-3中,我们将无法确定产生替代的条件。
BEC来自于IPSC。我们将继续研究IPSC派生的BECs(IECS)是否会在基础上获得更多的骨诱导属性。
将其移植到成骨细胞部位,进而能够自主调节BmMSCs的成骨活性。
在体内。我们将继续使用我们的小鼠颅骨和骨缺损模型来确定在体内成骨的最大程度。
IECS的教育功能是通过测量以下指标来实现的:(I)转录和修饰基因(RNAseq);以及(Ii)骨诱导基因。
移植的IECS中的财产。我们还将继续确定人工骨的长期寿命(16周)和修复能力。
包含IECS,以及是否植入接受过IECS教育的IECS,是否提高了骨修复的最大程度。
设想这一新的研究项目可能成为中国骨修复技术中一项新的医疗战略的基础。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
Every year, >1 million patients undergo bone repair procedures in the United States. Autologous bone grafting
remains the preferred treatment for bone defects, but this practice is limited by bone availability and donor site
morbidity from harvesting the bone. Alternatively, the development of therapies that exploit the osteogenic
potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) continues to be a priority in
osteoregenerative medicine. However, efforts remain largely empirical due to poor understanding of the
mechanisms regulating bmMSC engraftment and osteogenic activity in vivo. Our long-term goal is to develop a
regenerative therapy that is based on bioengineering an osteoinductive niche for human bmMSCs. We have
found that the in vivo preservation of human bmMSC osteogenic potential depends on sustaining proximity to
endothelial cells (ECs) and on the timely engraftment of bmMSCs as perivascular cells (Lin et al., PNAS 2014).
We have also found that vascular networks bioengineered using human iliac crest trabecular bone ECs (bECs)
could spontaneously induce osteogenic differentiation of bmMSCs at ectopic sites. In contrast, ECs from other
human tissues could not. In addition, we have identified five candidate genes (BMP2, BMP7, NOG, KITLG,
MSX1) differentially upregulated in bECs. Our overarching hypothesis is that bioengineered microvessels lined
with bECs serve as stable niches for bmMSCs and autonomously drive osteogenesis via regulation of specific
osteoinductive genes. Moreover, we postulate that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could offer a plentiful
source of surrogate bECs, eliminating the need for harvesting autologous trabecular bone. To test these
hypotheses and to elucidate the precise osteoinductive factors whereby human trabecular bECs uniquely
regulate osteogenesis, we propose three Specific Aims. In Aim-1, we will bioengineer vascular networks with
human bECs and bmMSCs and determine the capacity to regenerate critical-sized orthotopic bone defects. In
Aim-2, we will determine the factors responsible for the unique in vivo osteoinductive potential of human
trabecular bECs. We will knockout each candidate bEC gene and will determine the effect on in vivo
osteogenesis. To this end, we will use a luciferase-reporter driven by the human osterix promoter to measure
bmMSC osteogenic activity via bioluminescence. In Aim-3, we will determine conditions to generate surrogate
bECs from iPSCs. We will examine whether iPSC-derived ECs (iECs) acquire osteoinductive properties upon
transplantation into bone sites and are in turn able to autonomously regulate the osteogenic activity of bmMSCs
in vivo. We will use our murine calvarial bone defect model to determine the extent of in vivo osteogenic
education of iECs by measuring (i) transcriptional profile modifications (RNAseq) and (ii) osteoinductive
properties in engrafted iECs. We will also determine the long-term (16 weeks) bone repair capability of constructs
containing iECs and whether implanting pre-educated iECs improves the extent of bone repair. Collectively, we
envision this research could become the basis for a new strategy in the repair of bone defects.
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会议论文
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海外基金