Form Processing in Peripheral Vision

描述（由申请人提供）：视网膜相关性黄斑变性和其他黄斑疾病通常导致中央视野的不可逆丧失。在这些中央视野丧失（CFL）的情况下，患者必须依靠周边视觉来识别物体，识别面部， read.然而，这些形式的视觉任务的性能是远远低于周边视觉预测的空间分辨率降低。这种过度损害的原因还不清楚。此外，我们不知道在什么程度上可以诱导周边视觉系统的变化，以减轻这些障碍，从长远来看，我们也不了解这种可塑性的性质。 如果我们要为中心视力丧失的患者制定有效的康复方案和适应技术，对周边形式视力的基本了解是必要的。一个同样重要的进步是理解为什么与中央视觉相比，周边视觉的形式视觉质量较差。拟议的研究旨在使我们对周边形式视觉的理解取得基础性进展，并以与CFL状况相关的方式进行。我们建议从主动视觉的角度来研究周边形式视觉，其中眼球控制起着核心作用。具体来说，我们将专注于可塑性之间的相互作用，在视觉拥挤，一个关键形式的视觉缺陷在周边，并在oculetransferment策略的变化引起CFL。我们将开始通过测试一个新的理论，链接拥挤在正常的周边视觉图像的统计数据，已获得的影响下扫视眼球运动。我们将建立一个图像编码模型的早期视觉处理阶段的基础上，我们最近开发的理论框架。这个模型的周边形式的视觉将验证定量对一组不同的研究结果拥挤的文献。另外，我们将测试一个新的理论，描述了形成的首选视网膜位点（PRL），这是一个共同的调整CFL的眼发育。图像编码模型将使我们能够预测形状视觉可塑性的性质给出PRL。因此，这项研究项目提供了第一个全面的理论，周边形式视觉的背景下，中央场损失。此外，它将产生一个丰富的独特的数据集周边形式的视觉和眼适应，将通知周边形式视觉的其他调查。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age-related macular degeneration and other macular diseases commonly lead to irreversible loss of the central visual field. In these cases of central field loss (CFL), patients must rely on peripheral vision to recognize objects, identify faces, and read. However, performance on these form vision tasks is far worse than the reduced spatial resolution in peripheral vision predicts. The causes of this excess impairment are not well understood. Further, we do not know to what extent changes can be induced in the peripheral visual system to alleviate these impairments over the long term, nor do we understand the nature of such plasticity. A basic understanding of peripheral form vision is necessary if we are to develop effective rehabilitation regimens and adaptive technologies for patients with central vision loss. An equally important advance would be to understand why form vision is qualitatively inferior in peripheral compared to central vision. The proposed study aims to make foundational advances in our understanding of peripheral form vision, and does so in a way that is relevant for the condition of CFL. We propose to study peripheral form vision from the perspective of active vision, where oculomotor control plays a central role. Specifically, we will focus on the interaction between plasticity in visual crowding, a key form vision deficit in the periphery, and changes in oculomotor strategy induced by CFL. We will begin by testing a novel theory that links crowding in normal peripheral vision to image statistics that have been acquired under the influence of saccadic eye movements. We will build an image-encoding model of early visual processing stages based on the theoretical framework we recently developed. This model of peripheral form vision will be validated quantitatively against a diverse set of findings on crowding in the literature. Separately, we will test a new theory of oculomotor development that describes the formation of the preferred retinal locus (PRL), which is a common adjustment in CFL. The image-encoding model will enable us to predict the nature of form vision plasticity given a PRL. This research project thus stands to provide the first comprehensive theory of peripheral form vision in the context of central field loss. In addition, it will produce a rich an unique data set on peripheral form vision and oculomotor adaptation that will inform other investigations of peripheral form vision.