Nanosensors and their fundamental issues

微纳米器件相关原理问题的研究。在本提案中，将研究以下主要目标：研究纳米结构的物理性质的理论和实验研究，如：a)开发一种创新的基于纳米线的气体传感器阵列。该方法利用气体分子独特的电离能来区分未知气体类型。该装置的工作原理不同于传统的场效应装置，电场通过通道调节传导。相反，电场被用来通过电离过程引发电导。这项工作的技术目标是研究在超高电能量密度区域内气体元素和化合物电离所涉及的各种参数。此外，还将研究这种新型装置中的载流子输运机制。这项工作需要开发软件工具来建模和设计设备，然后进行制造和表征。b)二维硅基led的研究。结果表明，硅在低维下将成为直接带隙半导体，适于批量生产非昂贵的光学器件。这些由硅制成的微小结构的电性能需要精确地分析和评估。c)多孔金属薄膜具有有趣的光学特性，是一种很有前途的结构，主要用作电信和光网络领域的光子材料。在这个项目中，我们专注于用胶体晶体模板制作大孔金和银薄膜的制作、表征（形态学、光学和电学性质）。

Investigations on principle issues related to Micro and Nano Devices. In this proposal the following main objectives will be investigated: Theoretical and experimental researches to investigate the physical properties of nano-structures like: a) Development of an innovative nanowire-based gas sensor arrays. The idea employs unique ionization energy of gas molecules to distinguish the unknown gas type. The operation principle of the device differs from conventional field-effect devices at which electric fields modulate the conduction through the channel. Instead, the electric field is used to initiate conductance through an ionization process. The technical goal of this work is to study the various parameters involved in ionization of gaseous elements and compounds in an ultra high electric energy density region. Also the carrier transport mechanisms will be investigated within this novel device. This work requires developing software tool to model and design the device followed by the fabrication and characterization. b) Studies of 2-D silicon based LEDs. It is shown that silicon will become direct band-gap semiconductor at low dimensions, make it suitable to fabricate mass-productions of non-expensive optical devices. The electrical properties of these tiny structures, produced from silicon, need to be analyzed and evaluated precisely. c) Porous metallic films have interesting optical properties and are promising structures for applications principally as photonic materials in the area of telecommunication and optical networking. In this project we focus on the fabrication, characterization   (morphological, optical and electrical properties) of macroporous gold and silver films created from colloidal crystal templates.