Influence of regional tectonics on the genesis and extrusion of volcanic rocks in orogenic belts

这项研究将调查现代和古代火山为什么位于断层上，以及当岩浆流经断层时，岩浆的成分是如何变化的，这些断层为岩浆通过地壳提供了流动的途径。该项目的第一部分使用过去2500万年来爱琴海的火山中心来分析岩浆演化的变异性：之所以选择这一地区，是因为地幔中个别岩浆源上方的断裂方式发生了快速变化。此外，熔岩的年代学和地球化学从以前的工作中得到了很好的理解。这项工作的第二部分试图将地幔的地震层析成像的新发现与大规模的火山活动模式联系起来。这项工作的结果随后在第三部分中被应用于阿巴拉契亚山脉古老地带的困难得多的岩石，以了解古老火山是如何形成的，反过来，它们形成时的断层模式是什么。这项研究旨在将地球上两个最重要的地质过程联系起来：火山作用和断层作用。它在许多矿产资源的勘探和火山危险性评估中具有实际应用。

This study will investigate why modern and ancient volcanoes are located along faults and how the composition of magma is changed as it flows through the faults, which provide pathways for magma to flow through the Earth's crust. Part 1 of the project uses the volcanic centres of the Aegean Sea over the past 25 million years to analyse the variability of magma evolution: this region is chosen because of the rapid changes in style of faulting that have taken place above individual magma sources in the mantle. Furthermore, chronology and geochemistry of the lavas are well understood from previous work. Part 2 of the work attempts to relate new findings from seismic tomography of the mantle to large-scale patterns of volcanism. Results from this work are then applied in Part 3 to the much more difficult rocks of the old Appalachian mountain belt, to understand how old volcanoes formed and conversely what were the patterns of faulting at the time that they formed. This research aims to relate two of the most important geological processes on the planet: volcanism and faulting. It has practical applications to the exploration for many mineral resources and to the assessment of volcanic risk.