Studies on signal processing with applications

在过去的20年里，数字信号处理（DSP）技术在诸如生物医学图像处理、声学、电信、图像和视频信号处理以及地震学等不同领域的信号处理中得到了广泛的应用。高分辨率，廉价，高速的A/D转换器和强大的VLSI形式的数字信号处理器的可用性为DSP在这些领域的不断扩展的应用提供了必要的动力。通常在电话交换机中执行的功能，如长波段地面链路和卫星通信链路所需的音调生成、检测、滤波、多路复用和回波消除，现在使用一维（1-D） DSP技术实现。基于1-D DSP技术的语音识别和语音编码技术也变得流行起来，因为研究人员在开发合适的复杂算法方面取得了进展，而且VLSI中硬件的可用性可以支持它们的实时实现。多维（m-D） DSP技术越来越多地用于处理m-D信号，如从卫星、x射线和其他来源获得的图像和运动图像。视频电话和高清电视就是从二维和三维DSP领域的研究和发展进步中获得的产品的一些例子。该研究的总体目标是开发各种高效可靠的算法来滤波、编码和处理信号（如语音、图像、视频和生物医学信号），以期实现VLSI。为此，我们将继续开展以下方面的工作：(a)残数系统在特定DSP应用的VLSI设计实现中的应用，(b)图像和视频序列中基于小波的降噪，这将有助于提高医疗视频的质量，(c)用于各种快速离散域变换的基于内存的收缩架构，(d)用于无线网络的视频编码，以及(e)用于生物医学应用的算法开发。这些应该有利于电信，信号处理，VLSI和无线行业的部门。

Digital signal processing (DSP) techniques have found a variety of applications over the last 20 years in the processing of signals in such diverse areas as biomedical image processing, acoustics, telecommunications, image and video signal processing, and seismology.  The availability of high-resolution, inexpensive, high-speed A/D converters and powerful digital signal processors in VLSI form has provided the necessary impetus for the ever-expanding applications of DSP in these areas.  Functions commonly performed in a telephone exchange like tone generation, detection, filtering, trans-multiplexing and echo cancellation required for long-band terrestrial links and satellite communication links are now implemented using one-dimensional (1-D) DSP techniques.  Speech recognition and speech coding techniques relying totally on 1-D DSP techniques have also become popular in view of research advances in the development of suitable complex algorithms and the availability of hardware in VLSI to support their real-time implementation.  Multidimensional (m-D) DSP techniques are being increasingly used in the processing of m-D signals such as pictures and moving pictures obtained from satellites, x-rays, and other sources. Videophone and HDTV are some examples of products that have gained from the research and development advances in the 2-D and 3-D DSP area.  The overall objectives of the proposed research are to develop a variety of efficient and reliable algorithms for filtering, coding and processing of signals (such as speech, image, video and biomedical signals) with a view to VLSI implementation. For this purpose, we will continue our work regarding (a) application of the residue number system in the VLSI design implementation for specific DSP applications, (b) wavelet-based noise reduction in images and video sequences, which should be useful in improving the quality of medical videos, (c) memory-based systolic architectures for various fast discrete domain transforms, (d) video coding for wireless networks, and (e) development of algorithms for biomedical applications. These should be beneficial to the telecommunication, signal processing, VLSI and wireless sectors of the industry.