Understanding and improving the performance of internet servers and services

这项研究的目的是更好地理解和显着改善日益复杂的组件，包括现代互联网服务之间的互动。 我们相信，现有的互联网服务和操作系统，他们把如此沉重的要求，可以得到改善，特别是在现代多处理器和多核环境中执行。 这些改进将使互联网服务能够支持更多的同时使用者，提供更好的峰值吞吐量，并确保即使在高负荷期间也能保持高吞吐量和低响应时间，虽然大多数现有的研究集中在提供静态内容的万维网服务器上，但大多数互联网服务都提供为个别用户量身定制的动态生成的内容。 这是通过使用包括三个主要层的架构来实现的：Web服务器、应用程序服务器和数据库服务器。 通常，这些不同的层分布在多个主机系统中。 随着多核芯片的出现以及每个芯片的核数预计每18个月翻一番，这些服务的前两层正在迁移到具有多个核和/或处理器的单个主机上，这将提供更强大的处理能力。 我们计划更好地理解并显著改进前两层的执行，最终在单个系统上实现所有三层。 这些系统提供了在组成服务的部分或全部组件之间进行更快和更好交互的机会。 这将导致更快地向最终用户提供高质量的服务，同时节省机器及其运营成本。

The goal of this research is to better understand and significantly improve the interaction between the increasingly complex components that comprise modern Internet services.  We believe that existing Internet services and the operating systems on which they place such heavy demands can be improved, especially when executing in modern multi-processor and multi-core environments.  These improvements will enable Internet services to support more simultaneous users, provide better peak throughput and ensure that high throughput and low response times are maintained, even during periods of high load.While the majority of existing research has concentrated on web servers that provide static content, most Internet services deliver dynamically generated content tailored to individual users.  This is done using an architecture comprising three main tiers: web servers, application servers, and database servers.  Usually these different tiers are spread across multiple host systems.  With multi-core chips already available and the number of cores per chip expected to double every eighteen months, the first two tiers of these services are being migrated to a single host with multiple cores and/or processors which will provide significantly more processing power.  We plan to better understand and significantly improve the execution of the first two tiers and eventually all three tiers on a single system.  These systems provide opportunities for faster and better interaction among some or all of the components that comprise the service.  This will result in faster delivery of high quality services to end users while offering cost savings on the machines and their operating costs.