High speed, high precision, medium range LiDAR scanner for geomechanical and geomatics analysis

哈钦森和Diederichs要求的中程激光扫描设备将为皇后大学地质工程部岩土成像和传感实验室增加重要和有价值的功能。在上一轮RTI资助的短程（80米）激光扫描仪的基础上，该扫描仪将把高分辨率数据采集扩展到至少1.3公里。所要求的设备将由研究生和NSERC URA资助的本科生与申请人一起使用。申请人哈钦森需要了解斜坡的详细几何形状和变形，以及斜坡底部的基础设施，以研究斜坡破坏和风险评估。申请人Diederichs需要大型地下开挖和隧道入口的详细几何形状，以检查岩石破坏机制和变形速率。申请人和他们的学生都将使用这些数据来校准数值模型，以用于模拟和评估未来结构的预期行为。从第三方获取此类数据在财务上不可行。 所要求的激光扫描设备可提供视线范围内物体的高度精确的三维表面模型。通过最近提供的增强范围选项，可以扫描1.3 km距离的岩体。在这个距离，数据是在22厘米的间距或20点/平方米，提供了良好的分辨率为地质力学结构和功能的评估。从如此远的距离进行扫描的能力使得各种跨谷测量设置位置成为可能，从而允许构建复杂结构的全三维模型。高分辨率数码相机支架和校准软件的加入可将真彩色照片映射到点云，实现逼真的岩石结构可视化，使快速分析更加准确。设备的速度、准确性和便携性便于重复测量。图像序列的比较提供了对结构的几何形状和变形速率以及失效材料的源和沉积区域的非常精确的测量。

The medium range laser scanning equipment, requested by Hutchinson and Diederichs, will add important and valuable functionality to the Geotechnical Imaging and Sensing Laboratory, Geological Engineering, Queen's University. Building on the research initiated with the short range (80m) laser scanner funded during the last round of RTI awards, this scanner will extend high resolution data acquisition to at least 1.3 km. The equipment requested will be used by graduate and NSERC URA funded undergraduate students working with the applicants. Applicant Hutchinson requires knowledge of the detailed geometry and deformation of slopes, and the infrastructure at the toe of slopes, for research on slope failure and risk assessment. Applicant Diederichs requires detailed geometry of large underground excavations and tunnel portals to examine rock failure mechanisms and deformation rates. Both applicants and their students will use the data to calibrate numerical models to be used to simulate and assess expected behaviour of the structures in the future. Acquisition of this type of data from third parties is not financially viable.   The laser scanning equipment requested provides a highly accurate, three dimensional surface model of objects within the line of sight. With the enhanced range option, made available recently, scanning rockmasses at 1.3 km distance is possible. At this distance, the data is at 22cm spacing or 20 points/sq m, providing good resolution for assessment of geomechanical structures and features. The ability to scan from such a large distance makes a variety of cross-valley survey set up locations possible, allowing fully three dimensional models of complex structures to be built. The addition of the high resolution digital camera mount and alignment software results in true colour photo mapping to the point cloud, allowing realistic rock structure visualization, making rapid analysis much more accurate. The speed, accuracy and portability of the equipment facilitate repeated surveys. Comparison of the sequence of images provides a very precise measure of the geometry and deformation rate of the structure, and of the source and deposition zone of failed material.