Cellular mechanisms of microbial-epithelial interactions

肠道功能障碍严重影响农业和人类。肠道疾病和腹泻通常是由于暴露于多种微生物病原体，包括原生动物寄生虫贾第鞭毛虫。贾第鞭毛虫引起的疾病通常被称为“海狸热”。充分的证据表明，贾第鞭毛虫是伴侣动物和幼畜中最常见的寄生虫之一，它极有可能传播给人类。贾第鞭毛虫是儿童和旅行者腹泻的常见原因。控制感染结果的宿主-微生物相互作用仍然不完全清楚。贾第虫病引起肠道吸收不良和腹泻的上皮异常与其他肠道疾病（如细菌性肠炎、慢性食物过敏反应、克罗恩病和乳糜泻）有相似之处。因此，更好地了解贾第虫病的这些过程可能有助于揭示与各种肠道疾病有关的机制。利用互补的体外和体内贾第鞭毛虫挑战模型系统，该建议建立在有希望的初步发现的基础上，以确定肠道微生物-上皮相互作用过程中涉及的基本机制。

Intestinal malfunction severely affects the agricultural industry as well as the human population. Intestinal disease and diarrhea often results from exposure to a variety of microbial pathogens, including the Protozoan parasite Giardia sp. The disease caused by Giardia is commonly referred to as "beaver fever". Ample evidence suggests that Giardia is one of the most common parasite of companion animals and young livestock, and it has great potential for transmission to humans. Giardia is a very common cause of diarrhea in children and in travelers. The host-microbial interactions that govern the outcome of infection remain incompletely understood. The epithelial abnormalities responsible for intestinal malabsorption and diarrhea in giardiasis share similarities with those observed in other enteric disorders, such as bacterial enteritis, chronic food anaphylaxis, Crohn's disease, and celiac disease. Therefore, a better understanding of these processes in giardiasis may help unravel mechanisms implicated in a variety of intestinal diseases. Using complementary in vitro and in vivo Giardia challenge model systems, this proposal builds upon promising preliminary findings to identify basic mechanisms involved during microbial-epithelial interactions in the gut.