Investigation of the biological effects of the polyphenol resveratrol on insulin producing and insulin target tissues

多酚是葡萄皮中发现的化合物，在红葡萄酒中浓度很高。许多研究表明，多酚具有各种有益健康的作用，包括预防癌症和心血管疾病。 胰岛素是一种在调节血糖水平方面起主要作用的激素。当血糖水平升高时，胰岛素由胰腺释放，并通过血流作用于肝细胞，抑制葡萄糖的产生和释放，以及作用于肌肉细胞，使它们从血液中摄取葡萄糖。这些胰岛素作用的净效应是使血糖水平恢复正常。胰岛素抵抗与胰腺功能下降相结合导致2型糖尿病。血液中游离脂肪酸的升高，如肥胖症中所见，已被证明会导致胰岛素抵抗和胰腺损伤。

Polyphenols are compounds found in the skin of grapes and in high concentration in red wine. Many studies have shown that polyphenols have various beneficial health effects including protection against cancer and cardiovascular disease. Insulin is a hormone that plays a major role in regulating the blood glucose levels. When the blood glucose levels are increased, insulin is released by the pancreas and through the bloodstream acts on liver cells inhibiting glucose production and release as well as on muscle cells causing them to take up glucose from the blood. The net effect of these insulin actions is to bring the blood glucose levels back to normal. Resistance to insulin in combination with decreased pancreatic function leads to type 2 diabetes. Elevated free fatty acids in the blood, as seen in obesity, have been shown to cause insulin resistance and pancreatic impairment.