Microwave synthesizer for low temperature, broadband spectroscopy

宽带微波谱仪的研制需要微波合成器。这项技术允许人们将样品冷却到比绝对零度低百分之几度，然后测量样品在不同微波频率范围内的微波功率吸收。这个光谱仪将是世界上第一个这样的光谱仪，研究工具拨款将提供测量所需的微波功率来源。将研究的一个主题是高温超导体在低温下的行为，在那里我们将能够揭示超导体中的微波功率损失如何受到缺陷和杂质的影响。更一般地说，该仪器将使我们能够研究在绝对零度以上1度以下的金属中出现的物质的新状态。

A microwave synthesizer is required for the development and exploitation of a broadband microwave spectrometer. This technique allows one to cool a sample to as low as a few hundredths of a degree above absolute zero, and then to measure the sample's microwave power absorption over a wide range of different microwave frequencies. This spectrometer will be the first of its kind in the world, and the research tools grant will provide the source of microwave power needed for the measurements. One topic that will be studied is the behaviour of high temperature superconductors at low temperatures, where we will be able to uncover how the microwave power losses in a superconductor are influenced by defects and impurities. More generally, the instrument will allow us to investigate new states of matter appearing in metals below 1 degree above absolute zero.