Transport processes in inland and coastal waters

内陆和沿海水域污染物和泥沙输移的动力学是高度各向异性的，具有二维的趋势。自从Kraichnan(1967)关于2D湍流的开创性工作以来，2D水平湍流和不同长度尺度的小尺度3D湍流之间的能量级联、级联的反向或两者的组合是人们非常感兴趣的主题。不仅需要实验室数据来支持理论工作，也需要支持模型的开发。在大规模的交流中，地球自转是一个决定性因素。湍流通过界面的小尺度混合取决于密度/重力层结的稳定性和不稳定性。申请者、他的研究助理和研究生已经进行了研究，以研究这些时间和长度尺度非常不同的2D和3D传输过程。考虑了风、浪和流对过程的影响。沉积物的侵蚀和沉积是研究的一部分。研究的重点一直是建模的基本原理，以及通过实验室和现场研究对模型进行验证。经过六年的研究，共出版了1本书、1章书、1篇书评、1篇社论、4篇英语硕士论文。论文，3篇博士论文和43篇论文，(Ii)速度、温度、盐度和示踪剂浓度测量仪器和数据采集技术的发展，以及(Iii)湍流模型模拟的数值方法的实施。未来将继续对基本面进行研究。将把更多的研究重点放在小规模过程的研究上。目前，一条新的航道正在建设中，用于计划中的海浪和海流侵蚀研究。正在进行的大范围交换的宽通道实验将扩大到包括非常大的对流弗劳德数的情况。通过实验数据对模拟模型进行验证的工作将继续进行。数值工作将包括实施控制数值振荡的TVD格式，以及进一步发展以块为计算元素的稳健数值方法。

The dynamics of pollutant and sediment transports in inland and coastal waters are highly anisotropic with a tendency to two-dimensionality. The energy cascade, the reverse of the cascade, or a combination of both, between the 2D horizontal turbulence and small-scale 3D turbulence of distinct length scales are subjects of much interest, since the seminal work of Kraichnan (1967) on 2D turbulence. Laboratory data are needed to support not only the theoretical works but also the development of models. The Earth's rotation is a deciding factor in the large-scale exchanges. The small scale mixings across interfaces by turbulence are dependent on stability/instability of the density/gravity stratification. Research has been conducted by the applicant, his research associates and graduate students to study these 2D and 3D transport processes of very different time and length scales. Wind, wave and current effects on the processes are considered. The erosion and deposition of sediments are part of the study. The focus of the research has been on the fundamentals of modeling, and the verification of the models through laboratory and field studies. The research over the last six years has led to (i) the publication of 1 book, 1 book chapter, 1 book review, 1 editorial, 4 M.Eng. theses, 3 Ph.D. thesis and 43 papers, (ii) the development of instrumentation and data acquisition technique for velocity, temperature, salinity and tracer-concentration measurements, and (iii) the implementation of numerical methods for model simulations of turbulent flow. Future research will continue on the fundamentals. Greater emphasis of the research will be placed in the studying of the small-scale processes. Currently, a new channel is under construction for the planned study of the coastal erosion by waves and currents. The ongoing experiments in the wide channel for the large-scale exchanges will broaden to include cases of very large convective Froude number. The validation of the simulation models by experimental data will continue. The numerical effort will include the implementation of TVD schemes for the control of numerical oscillations, and the further development of a robust numerical method using the blocks as the computational elements.