Biosystematic studies on the goldenrod genus solidago and related astereae

一枝黄花属的黄花是非常常见的野花，通常在当地丰富，在加拿大和美国的每个省和州以及墨西哥，南美洲，欧洲和东亚的部分地区都有。少数物种被引入世界许多地方，有时是外来入侵。这项研究的主要重点将是完成对不同种类黄菊花的形态学和生物地理学的单独研究，并将这些研究与以前的研究结合起来，写成一本关于世界黄菊花的书。许多种类的黄花非常罕见；有些物种被官方列为受威胁或濒危物种。其他黄花分布广泛，数量众多，被认为是农业用地上令人讨厌的杂草。生态学家和进化生物学家经常研究菊科植物，作为研究昆虫/植物关系等更普遍问题的模型。然而，没有详细的专著水平的分类处理整个属已发表。有些物种从未被详细说明过，也没有详细的分布图。现有的区域植物区系处理方法在物种数量的报告和如何识别方面都不一致。申请人花了30多年的时间研究黄花、相关的黄花和紫苑，是《北美植物志》（2006）的主要作者。拟议的研究将扩大这种分类处理，包括加拿大和美国以外的所有黄花。由此产生的高度插图的专著将为大量的人提供一个非常需要的关于菊花的标准参考，区域植物区系和生态和进化研究可以可靠地建立在此基础上。

Goldenrods in the genus Solidago are very common wild flowers, often locally abundant, and occur in every province and state in Canada and the United States and in parts of Mexico, South America, Europe and Eastern Asia. A few species have been introduced into many parts of the world and are sometimes invasive aliens. The primary focus of the proposed research will be to complete individual studies on the morphology and biogeography of different groups of goldenrods and combine these with previous research into a book on the goldenrods of the world. Many kinds of goldenrods are very rare; some are officially listed as threatened or endangered. Other goldenrods are so widely distributed and abundant that they are considered to be obnoxious weeds on agricultural lands. Goldenrods are often studied by ecologists and evolutionary biologists as models for more general questions on insect/plant relationships. However, no detailed monographic level taxonomic treatment of the entire genus has been published. Some species have never been illustrated in detail and no detailed distribution maps are available. Existing treatments in regional floras are not consistent in reporting the numbers of species nor in how to recognize them. The applicant has spent more than three decades investigating goldenrods, the related goldenasters, and asters and was the primary author of the treatment of Solidago for Flora North America (2006). The proposed research will expand on this taxonomic treatment to include all goldenrods occurring outside Canada and the United States. The resulting highly illustrated monograph will provide large numbers of people with a sorely needed standard reference on goldenrods upon which regional floras and ecological and evolutionary studies can be reliably based.