Transport in fibrous materials and biomembranes

纤维材料具有较大的表面积和高度多孔的结构，适用于运输、过滤、分离、吸收等应用。纳米纤维材料的发展充分利用了纤维材料超高表面积的优点。由纳米纤维制成的生物膜在化学或生物防御、伤口敷料、选择性分离、生物或药物活性物质和分子的固定化以及组织工程支架等许多高级应用领域具有潜在的用途。这些异质、各向异性和可压缩的结构是通用的，但对于试图控制和优化其性能以适应不同应用的研究人员来说是一个挑战。到目前为止，还没有一种有效而精确的方法来表征纤维材料中流体传输的结构和行为，但这对材料和生物医学领域的研究至关重要。

Fibrous materials are suitable for applications involving transport, filtration, separation, absorption because they have large surface areas and highly porous structures. The development of nanofibrous materials exploits the advantages of the ultra-high surface areas of fibrous materials. Biomembranes made of nanofibres are potentially useful in many advanced application areas such as chemical or bio-defense, wound dressing, selective separation, immobilization of biologically or pharmacologically active agents and molecules, and scaffold for tissue engineering. These heterogeneous, anisotropic and compressible structures are versatile, yet challenging to researchers trying to control and optimize their properties for different applications. Up to now, an efficient and precise way to characterize the structure and the behavior of fluid transport in fibrous materials is still unavailable, but is essential for research in the field of material and biomedical sciences.