Novel seismic strategies for monitoring fluid flow in C02 sequestration experiments and heavy-oil fields

加拿大拥有世界上第二大探明石油储量。不幸的是，这些储量主要由沥青砂组成，开采和提炼成本非常高。重油开采导致的二氧化碳排放量平均是轻油开采的三倍。因此，以环境友好和可持续的方式对这些重油进行商业开采要求制定适当的二氧化碳封存战略，以减少温室气体排放到大气中。然而，公众和政界不太可能接受二氧化碳封存，除非我们能够可靠地检测到储层内部的流体迁移，最重要的是，检测到任何二氧化碳泄漏的存在。

Canada has the second largest proven oil reserves in the world. Unfortunately these reserves are predominantly composed of tar sands with very high extraction and refining costs. Heavy-oil exploitation leads also in average to three times larger CO2 emissions than lighter oils. Commercial exploitation of these heavy oils in an environmentally friendly and sustainable fashion therefore demands the development of suitable CO2 sequestration strategies in order to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Yet public and political acceptance of CO2 sequestration is unlikely unless we are able to detect fluid migration inside the storage reservoir reliably and most importantly the presence of any CO2 leakage.