High-pressure, countercurrent, reverse osmosis membrane testing equipment

膜分离，特别是反渗透，是分离化学体系的蒸馏过程的一种低能量替代方法。由于有机化学品对传统聚合物膜的降解，以及膜上极高的渗透反压，反渗透在化学分级中的广泛应用尚未实现。第一个问题可以通过使用通过阳极铝氧化和原子层沉积相结合的方法合成的无机氧化铝膜来克服，以提供均匀的纳米尺寸的孔，此外还可以提供良好的抗有机化学品稳定性。为了克服反渗透过程中产生的渗透压限制，将使用部分高浓度保留物的逆流(例如回流)或独立萃取剂(称为渗透过程)。

Membrane separation, and in particular reverse osmosis, represents a low-energy alternative to distillation processes for separating chemical systems. Widespread application of reverse osmosis for chemical fractionation has not materialized because of degradation of conventional polymeric membranes by organic chemicals, and because of extreme osmotic back pressures across the membrane. The first problem can be overcome by using inorganic alumina membranes synthesized by a combination of anodic aluminum oxidation followed by atomic layer deposition to provide uniform, nanometre sized pores in addition to providing excellent stability against organic chemicals. In order to overcome the osmotic pressure limitations that develop during reverse osmosis, a countercurrent flow of a portion of the high concentration retentate (e.g. reflux) or an independent extractant (a process referred to as perstraction) will be used.