Biosystematic studies on the goldenrod genus solidago and related astereae

一枝黄花属中的黄花是非常常见的野花，通常在当地盛产，在加拿大和美国的每个省和州以及墨西哥、南美洲、欧洲和东亚的部分地区都有分布。一些物种已经被引入世界许多地方，有时是入侵的外星人。拟议研究的主要重点将是完成对不同类型黄花的形态和生物地理的单独研究，并将这些研究与以前的研究结合起来，出版一本关于世界黄花的书。许多种类的黄花非常稀有；有些被官方列为濒危或濒危物种。其他黄花分布如此广泛和丰富，以至于它们被认为是农田上的讨厌杂草。黄花经常被生态学家和进化生物学家作为更普遍的昆虫/植物关系问题的模型来研究。然而，还没有关于整个属的详细的专题水平的分类处理发表。有些物种从未被详细说明过，也没有详细的分布图。区域植物群的现有处理方法在报告物种数量或如何识别它们方面并不一致。申请者花了三十多年的时间研究黄花、相关的黄花和紫锥菊，并是《北美植物一枝黄花的治疗》(2006年)的主要作者。这项拟议的研究将扩大这种分类处理的范围，将加拿大和美国以外的所有黄花包括在内。由此产生的高度图文并茂的专著将为大量的人提供急需的关于黄花的标准参考，区域植物区系以及生态和进化研究可以可靠地基于这些参考。

Goldenrods in the genus Solidago are very common wild flowers, often locally abundant, and occur in every province and state in Canada and the United States and in parts of Mexico, South America, Europe and Eastern Asia. A few species have been introduced into many parts of the world and are sometimes invasive aliens. The primary focus of the proposed research will be to complete individual studies on the morphology and biogeography of different groups of goldenrods and combine these with previous research into a book on the goldenrods of the world. Many kinds of goldenrods are very rare; some are officially listed as threatened or endangered. Other goldenrods are so widely distributed and abundant that they are considered to be obnoxious weeds on agricultural lands. Goldenrods are often studied by ecologists and evolutionary biologists as models for more general questions on insect/plant relationships. However, no detailed monographic level taxonomic treatment of the entire genus has been published. Some species have never been illustrated in detail and no detailed distribution maps are available. Existing treatments in regional floras are not consistent in reporting the numbers of species nor in how to recognize them. The applicant has spent more than three decades investigating goldenrods, the related goldenasters, and asters and was the primary author of the treatment of Solidago for Flora North America (2006). The proposed research will expand on this taxonomic treatment to include all goldenrods occurring outside Canada and the United States. The resulting highly illustrated monograph will provide large numbers of people with a sorely needed standard reference on goldenrods upon which regional floras and ecological and evolutionary studies can be reliably based.