Integrated water management systems for sustainable use of agricultural lands and water

集约化农业生产的扩大需要使用充足的灌溉、排水和农用化学品。大量施用化肥的后果是，通过质量差的排水回流，增加了污染溪流、河流和湖泊的可能性。曼尼托巴省南部的灌溉马铃薯产量正在扩大，在这些地区，劣质地下水造成的盐碱化一直是一个主要问题。通过精心设计的灌溉和排水系统进行适当的水管理可以最大限度地减少盐碱化问题。减轻盐碱化的策略之一是使用多余的灌溉用水来冲洗根部区域以下的盐分，并通过排水系统除去多余的水。如果排水回流被引导到人工湿地，污染物可以被植被清除。这将允许水在干旱时期被重新用于灌溉，从而消除河流和湖泊的污染。

The expansion of intensive agricultural production requires the use of adequate irrigation, drainage, and agricultural chemicals. The consequence of high fertilizer application is the increased potential to pollute the streams, rivers, and lakes via poor quality drainage return flows. Irrigated potato production is expanding in Southern Manitoba in areas where salinization from poor quality groundwater has been a major problem. Proper water management through well-designed irrigation and drainage systems can minimize the salinization problems. One of the strategies to mitigate salinization is to use excess irrigation water to wash the salts below the root zone and remove this excess water by a drainage system. If the drainage return flows are directed to engineered-wetlands, the pollutants could be removed by vegetation. This will allow the water to be re-used for irrigation during dry periods and thus eliminate the pollution of rivers and lakes.