Green wireless internet: architectures, protocols, applications, and implementations

在包括加拿大北部在内的世界许多地区，没有可用的公用电网，因此由于无法为所需的通信基础设施供电，因此可能无法部署2G/3G等传统互联网接入和移动通信技术。这些地区的通信和互联网接入不得不求助于卫星通信，因为卫星通信在每美元带宽方面很昂贵，需要更高的功率，这意味着设备正常运行时间更短，以及相对昂贵且普通民众不常见的专门设备。

In many parts of the world including Northern Canada, no utility grids are available so that conventional Internet access and mobile communications technologies such as 2G/3G may not be deployed due to the inability to power the required communications infrastructure. Communications and Internet access in these areas has to resort to satellites communications, which are expensive in terms of bandwidth per dollar, require higher power which translates to shorter device uptime, and specialized equipment that is relatively expensive and not commonly available to general population.