The physics of jets and compact stars during stellar evolution: Theoretical and computational investigations

天体物理喷流：这些是长的，高度准直的流，有两个背靠背的喷流远离它们的中心源/对象。 它们出现在新生恒星、致密天体（如黑洞或微类星体）、活动星系核中，并与宇宙中最具能量的伽马射线爆发有关。尽管它们的物理尺度不同，但喷气式飞机在形态上有很强的相似性，但问题是，它们有什么共同的物理特性？- 或者--我们能找到一种在所有尺度上都起作用的加速和准直的普遍机制吗？- 仍然是一个有争议的问题。 我们采用高性能的计算研究（三维），对年轻恒星的喷流进行了前所未有的分辨率和数百个天文单位的模拟规模-首次允许与哈勃太空望远镜对喷流的观测进行一对一的比较。我们的目标是使用我们构建的代码和可视化工具来研究它们的喷射，加速机制，并将射流模型与观察到的射流特性进行对抗。最终，这项工作可能会导致对喷流物理学及其在恒星和星系形成中的作用的理解。

ASTROPHYSICAL JETS: These are long, highly collimated flows, with two back-to-back jets streaming away from their central source/object. They are seen in newly born stars, compact objects (like black holes or micro-quasars), active galactic nuclei, and are associated to gamma-ray bursts, the most energetic events in the Universe. Despite their different physical scales, jets have strong morphological similarities, but questions like - what physics do they share? - or - can we find a universal mechanism of acceleration and collimation that operates in all scales? - remain a matter of debate. We employ high-performance computational studies (in 3 Dimensions) of jets from young stars carried out to unprecedented resolution and simulation scales of hundreds of Astronomical Units -- allowing for the first time a one-to-one comparison to Hubble Space Telescope observations of jets. Our goal is to study their ejection, acceleration mechanisms using the codes and visualizations tools we built and, to confront models of jets against observed jet properties. Ultimately, this work could lead to an understanding of the physics of jets and their role in the formation of stars and galaxies.