Climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation within glaciated basins

极端气候变化的发生导致冰川条件影响了我们的星球近30亿年。 受这些过去冰川事件影响的沉积盆地的充填物除了与盆地演化有关的构造事件外，还包含了过去气候条件的极有价值的记录。 不幸的是，区分沉积作用的气候和构造控制的地质特征是困难的，往往损害了古环境重建的准确性。 含有变形结构的粗粒相类型的解释是特别具有挑战性的，因为这些功能可能会导致冰川过程，冰下覆盖，冰山冲刷，或地震冲击，这些过程中的每一个都有非常不同的古环境意义。 拟议研究的目的是确定可用于区分气候和构造对冰川盆地沉积作用影响的沉积学标准，以加强古环境分析和对潜在资源分布的了解。 拟议的研究将涉及不同年龄和构造背景的冰川盆地内的沉积物的实地调查和分析。 Yakataga组晚新生代冰海沉积。在过去的600万年里，阿拉斯加米德尔顿岛上的大量冰川堆积在构造活动活跃的碰撞边缘环境中，并包含了晚新生代冰川作用和构造活动的长期和连续的记录。塔斯马尼亚盆地晚古生代下Parmeener超群含有混合岩和含磷粉砂岩，记录了冈瓦纳南部在伸展构造体制下的长期冰消作用。 在安大略湖盆地的冰川和间冰期条件下，冰川、湖泊和河流形成的晚第四纪沉积物积累起来，为比较前第四纪盆地充填提供了有价值的数据。这项研究不仅对古生代和第四纪古环境分析很重要，而且对地方和国家层面的地下水管理也很有价值，并为HQP的培训提供了许多机会。

Episodes of extreme climate change resulting in glacial conditions have affected our planet for almost 3 billion years. The infill of sedimentary basins affected by these past glacial events contains an extremely valuable record of past climatic conditions in addition to tectonic events related to basin evolution. Unfortunately, discriminating the geologic signature of climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation is difficult and often compromises the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Interpretation of coarse-grained facies types containing deformation structures is particularly challenging as these features may result from glacial processes, subglacial overriding, scouring by icebergs, or seismic shock, and each of these processes has very different paleoenvironmental significance. The objective of the proposed research is to identify sedimentological criteria that can be used to discriminate climatic and tectonic influences on sedimentation in glaciated basins in order to enhance paleoenvironmental analysis and understanding of potential resource distribution. The proposed research will involve field investigation and analysis of sediments within glaciated basins of different ages and tectonic setting. Late Cenozoic glaciomarine sediments of the Yakataga Fm. on Middleton Island, Alaska have accumulated in a tectonically active collisional margin setting over the past 6 million years and contain a long and continuous record of Late Cenozoic glaciation and tectonic activity. The Late Paleozoic Lower Parmeener Supergroup of the Tasmania Basin contains diamictites and fossiliferous siltstones that record the prolonged deglaciation of southern Gondwana under an extensional tectonic regime. Late Quaternary deposits of glacial, lacustrine and fluvial origin have accumulated under glacial and interglacial conditions in the Lake Ontario basin and provide valuable data with which to compare the pre-Quaternary basin infills. This research is not only important for Paleozoic and Quaternary paleoenvironmental analysis but is also valuable for groundwater management at both local and national levels, and provides many opportunities for the training of HQP.