Remote sensing of Arctic aerosols: analysis of intensive parameters

气溶胶是大气中的颗粒物，其大小从一微米的一小部分（一米的1/ 1000000）到几十微米不等。它们可以表现出很大的（广泛的）浓度变化和显着的（密集的）变化，其大小，形状和化学成分。地面太阳光度测定法是测量平均气溶胶影响的主要技术;一种方法全天跟踪太阳，测量仪器和太阳之间气溶胶造成的衰减。气溶胶（特别是微细的亚微米气溶胶）在污染事件中对健康有重大影响。它们对辐射和云特性的影响是重要的气候变化因素。北极地区的气候变化比南部地区更严重，气溶胶在促成这些变化方面发挥了重要作用。因此，必须充分了解气溶胶，特别是北极气溶胶的物理特性。

Aerosols are atmospheric particles whose size ranges from a small fraction of a micrometer (1/ 1000000 of a meter) to tens of micrometers. They can exhibit large (extensive) variations in concentration and significant (intensive) variations in their size, shape and chemical composition. Ground-based sunphotometry is the predominant technique for measuring average aerosol effects; one tracks the sun all day and measures the attenuation caused by the aerosols between the instrument and the sun. Aerosols (notably fine, sub-micron aerosols) have significant health impacts during pollution events. Their effect on radiation as well as on cloud properties represent important climate change factors. Climatic changes in the Arctic are more severe than in southern regions and aerosols play a major role in contributing to these changes. It is accordingly important that the physical properties of aerosols and Arctic aerosols in particular be well understood.