Towards Personalized Medicine: Molecular Imaging and Internal Radiotherapy

生物学、化学和物理学的最新进展为在“个性化医疗”范例中使用放射性药物推进许多疾病的治疗开辟了前所未有的机会。核医学成像技术，如PET和SPECT，由于其分子特性已经得到了广泛的认可。这两种技术都依赖于使用带有放射性同位素标记的生物活性分子，为医生提供有关患者解剖和/或生理的诊断信息。这不仅有助于疾病的诊断，而且使医生能够定位分子受体位点，研究病变细胞表达的生物标志物，并监测特定疾病过程的存在和/或程度。此外，在靶向内部放疗（IRT）中，使用标记有治疗剂的相同分子将治疗递送到先前在诊断研究中确定的部位。

Recent progress in biology, chemistry and physics has open up unprecedented opportunities to advance the treatment of many diseases by employing radiopharmaceuticals in a "personalized medicine" paradigm. Nuclear medicine (NM) imaging techniques, such as PET and SPECT, are already well recognized for their molecular characteristics. Both techniques rely on the use of biologically active molecules, labeled with radioactive isotopes, to provide physicians with diagnostic information about the anatomy and/or physiology of patients. This not only helps to diagnose diseases, but also allows doctors to locate molecular receptor sites, study biological markers expressed by diseased cells, and monitor the presence and/or extent of specific disease processes. Additionally, in targeted internal radiotherapy (IRT), the same molecules labeled with therapeutic agents are used to deliver treatment to locations previously identified in diagnostic studies.