Improving habitat connectivity to enhance productive capacity of arctic freshwater ecosystems

在加拿大，水生生境的养护和管理是根据鱼类生境生产能力无净损失原则进行的。因此，当鱼类生境被人类活动改变、扰乱或破坏时，需要生境补偿来抵消生态系统生产能力的减少。然而，对栖息地补偿项目的回顾表明，由于我们对鱼类栖息地需求的了解有限，只有少数补偿项目实现了NNL。栖息地补偿项目本质上是一种生态实验，我们可以从中提高我们的知识，应该这样对待；因此，重要的是，鱼类栖息地管理与水生科学家在补偿项目中合作，以提高我们对水生栖息地生产能力的理解，以及我们设计和评估补偿“实验”的能力。

In Canada, conservation and management of aquatic habitat is governed by the principle of No Net Loss (NNL) of the productive capacity of fish habitat. Thus, when fish habitat is altered, disrupted or destroyed by human activities, habitat compensation is required to offset the reduction in the ecosystem's productive capacity. Reviews of habitat compensation projects, however, indicate that because of our limited understanding of fish habitat needs, only a minority of compensation projects achieve NNL. Habitat compensation projects are essentially ecological experiments, from which we can advance our knowledge, and should be treated as such; thus, it is important that fish habitat management team up with aquatic scientists in compensation projects to improve our understanding of the productive capacity of aquatic habitats as well as our ability to design and evaluate compensation "experiments."