Metamemory: The monitoring and control of memory

我们接触到的信息量越来越大，超出了我们可能会记住的范围。我们怎么知道，当我们第一次遇到信息时，我们是否会甚至应该在以后记住它？我提出的研究计划的长期目标是更好地了解影响记忆监测和控制过程的因素：元记忆。在对元记忆的研究中，我的第一条研究路线将考察情绪如何影响监控。情绪信息(例如，重述自然灾害、犯罪或庆祝活动)通常比中性信息更容易被记住，但我们不知道的是，情绪信息是可记忆的感觉如何与对个别项目的实际记忆表现有关。我们的目标是检查项目的情感内容和整体学习环境对我们准确预测记忆表现的能力的影响程度。

We are increasingly exposed to larger amounts of information than we could possibly be expected to remember. How can we know, when we first encounter information, whether we will or even should remember it later? The long-term goal of my proposed research program is to gain a greater understanding of factors that influence memory monitoring and control processes: metamemory. In the examination of metamemory, my first line of research will examine how emotion influences monitoring. Emotional information (e.g., recounting a natural disaster, crime, or celebration) is often remembered better than neutral information, but what we do not know is how the feeling that emotional information is memorable relates to actual memory performance for individual items. The goal is to examine the extent to which the emotional content of items and overall study context influence our ability to accurately predict memory performance.