Metamemory: The monitoring and control of memory

元记忆：记忆的监视和控制

• 批准号: 418242-2013
• 负责人: Hourihan, Kathleen
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=683162
• 关键词: Metamemory; monitoring; control; memory

We are increasingly exposed to larger amounts of information than we could possibly be expected to remember. How can we know, when we first encounter information, whether we will or even should remember it later? The long-term goal of my proposed research program is to gain a greater understanding of factors that influence memory monitoring and control processes: metamemory. In the examination of metamemory, my first line of research will examine how emotion influences monitoring. Emotional information (e.g., recounting a natural disaster, crime, or celebration) is often remembered better than neutral information, but what we do not know is how the feeling that emotional information is memorable relates to actual memory performance for individual items. The goal is to examine the extent to which the emotional content of items and overall study context influence our ability to accurately predict memory performance. In examining metamemory control, this research will use an adaptation of intentional forgetting. Rather than focusing on how people try to learn information, the plan is to focus on how people try to not learn information that is unimportant. In the directed forgetting paradigm, participants study items and are cued to remember some items but to forget others, with memory tests generally showing better performance for the to-be-remembered items. This is evidence of metamemory control over encoding processes. This research will examine how the source of the information can influence whether or not we can intentionally forget, and how retrieving information from memory can potentially override our memory control processes. With the proliferation of information on the internet, it is important to recognize that the credibility of the source of the information that we encounter is central for deciding whether we should remember something. The proposed research program will contribute to advancing our understanding of metamemory processes, and ultimately to our understanding of memory in general.

我们越来越多地接触到比我们可能记住的更多的信息。当我们第一次遇到信息时，我们如何知道我们以后是否会甚至应该记住它？我提出的研究计划的长期目标是更好地了解影响记忆监测和控制过程的因素：元记忆。在元记忆的研究中，我的第一条研究线将研究情绪如何影响监控。情感信息（例如，叙述一场自然灾害、犯罪或庆祝活动）往往比中性信息更容易记住，但我们不知道的是，情感信息值得记住的感觉与个别项目的实际记忆表现有何关系。我们的目标是检查项目的情感内容和整体学习环境影响我们准确预测记忆表现的能力的程度。 在检验元记忆控制的过程中，本研究将采用有意遗忘的改编。与其关注人们如何学习信息，不如关注人们如何不学习不重要的信息。在定向遗忘范式中，参与者学习项目，并被提示记住一些项目，但忘记其他项目，记忆测试通常显示出更好的表现。这是元记忆控制编码过程的证据。这项研究将研究信息的来源如何影响我们是否可以故意忘记，以及如何从记忆中检索信息可以潜在地覆盖我们的记忆控制过程。随着互联网上信息的扩散，重要的是要认识到，我们遇到的信息来源的可信度是决定我们是否应该记住某事的核心。拟议的研究计划将有助于推进我们的理解元记忆的过程，并最终我们的理解一般的记忆。