Evolution in spatially heterogeneous populations

大多数生物必须与异质环境相互作用，一些适合栖息的地区被不太友好的栖息地隔开。即使在宜居地区，环境也可能不同，从而改变了自然选择在空间上的模式。在这笔赠款中，我们将研究异质栖息地对物种进化的影响。我们主要关注四个问题：(1)保持在不同环境中以不同方式发展的能力如何改变物种遗传变异的性质？(2)合作和利他主义如何在空间结构的物种中进化？(3)我们如何利用物种范围内个体的基因组和环境数据，最好地识别负责局部适应的基因？以及(4)其他基因因基因组某一部分发生有害突变而发生补偿性改变的可能性有多大？

Most organisms must interact with heterogeneous environments, with some areas suitable for habitation separated by less welcoming habitat. Even among habitable areas, the environment can vary, changing the pattern of natural selection over space. In this grant, we will investigate the effects of heterogeneous habitats on the evolution of a species. We focus on four main questions: (1) How does maintaining the ability to develop differently in different environments change the nature of genetic variation in a species? (2) How does cooperation and altruism evolve in a spatially structured species? (3) How can we best identify the genes responsible for local adaptation, using genomic and environmental data from individuals across the range of a species? and (4) How much potential is there for compensatory change at other genes in response to deleterious mutations in one part of the genome?