NSERC Canadian Network for Aquatic Ecosystem Services

人们认识到水生生态系统提供了许多直接的生态、社会和经济利益(例如渔业、饮用水)，但它们也提供了许多没有得到很好认识的服务，包括水文和营养调节以及废物处理。越来越多地认识到这些生态系统的重要性和相关的经济价值(例如加拿大的经济和环境圆桌会议)，包括最近联合国大会在创建政府间生物多样性和生态系统服务小组(IPBES 2011)方面的认识。这一点以及相关的公约和协定要求加拿大制定详细的知识和政策，以解决生态系统服务方面的具体问题。此外，还计划在加拿大各地广泛开发偏远的北部地区(例如魁北克的Nord计划，安大略省的远北法案)，以开发矿产、石油和水电资源。然而，关于这些发展可能如何影响这些生态系统，以及如何管理这些生态系统以促进发展，我们知之甚少。加拿大水生生态系统服务网络(CNAES)将提供学术界、工业界和政府的合作，以发展关于这些生态系统服务与压力因素(如发展、气候变化)之间的关系的知识，并提供培训。研究将导致产生必要的工具，以检测对这些系统的影响，适当的恢复目标，以及对政策和管理发展至关重要的理解。加拿大的水生生态系统千差万别，因此加拿大国家生态系统研究中心采取了基于分水岭的方法来解决研究不足的系统(北部湿地)、与森林-溪流和湖泊生态系统相关的知识差距以及这些系统之间的联系。CNAES将确定这些系统的生态系统服务特性如何因空间和时间尺度而变化，以便提供具有普遍适用性的结果，而不是规模或地点特定的结果。我们将通过对加拿大主要景观的研究，为政府和行业开发理解和管理工具。

Aquatic ecosystems are recognized for the many direct ecological, social and economic benefits they provide (e.g. fisheries, drinking water) but they also provide many services not well recognized, including hydrologic and nutrient regulation, and waste processing. Increasingly the importance and associated economic value of these ecosystems are being recognized (e.g. Canada's Roundtable on the Economy and the Environment), including most recently by the United Nations General Assembly in creating the Inter-governmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES 2011). This, and related conventions and agreements, require Canada to develop detailed knowledge and policy to address issues specific to ecosystem services. Furthermore, there are plans for extensive development of remote northern areas throughout Canada (e.g. Quebec's Plan Nord, Ontario's Far North Act) for mineral, petroleum and hydroelectric resources. However we have limited knowledge about how these developments may impact these ecosystems, and how to manage these ecosystems to allow enhanced development. The Canadian Network on Aquatic Ecosystem Services (CNAES) will provide the collaboration from academia, industry and government to develop knowledge about, and provide training on, the relationship between these ecosystem services and stressors (e.g. development, climate change). Research will lead to the production of necessary tools to detect impacts on these systems, appropriate restoration targets, and the understanding essential for policy and management development. Canada's aquatic ecosystems are tremendously varied, so CNAES takes a watershed-based approach to address understudied systems (northern wetlands), knowledge gaps associated with forest-stream and lake ecosystems, and linkages across these systems. CNAES will determine how properties of ecosystem services from these systems vary due to spatial and temporal scale in order to provide results that have general applicability, rather than being size or site specific. We will develop understanding and management tools for government and industry through the study of predominant Canadian landscapes.