X-ray Diffraction of Earth and Synthetic (inorganic, organic) Materials

X射线衍射是一种确定地球和合成(无机、有机)材料的矿物学、结构和结构属性的方法。在卡尔顿大学，需要一个现代化的X射线衍射仪研究平台，以适应地球科学系、化学系、电气系、机械和航空航天工程系的各种研究计划。由PANalytical公司(在蒙特利尔设有办事处)生产的Emperrean衍射系统将安置在地球科学部，取代已有30年历史的设备，这些设备已不再可靠，也不能满足一系列研究需要。分析实验有三种类型。(1)成分分析和量化将提供有关晶体/分子结构和矿物/化合物丰度的信息。这种类型的分析适用于合成和自然生成的材料。(2)实时热分析(&lt；1200摄氏度)将显示成分和晶体/化合物结构随加热而变化。这将用于复制影响自然和合成材料稳定性的人工热和地热条件，并与地质系统、有机材料的反应和工业/航空航天金属有关。(3)将对合成材料的薄膜进行分析，以评估成分和微观结构的完整性。这与一系列不同的领域有关：航空航天工业；燃气轮机和反应堆；电子、光伏和离子设备；以及热光设备中的聚合物。研究设备的模块化配置为研究型学生在实验设计、操作和分析方面创造了良好的培训环境。X射线衍射仪设备将创造一个新的研究环境和科学家社区，从事不同的研究应用，促进加拿大在以下领域的知识和应用基础：我们的地质和环境景观；改进与加拿大航空航天、能源和工业市场相关的材料；以及定义可能导致新技术应用和设计的合成表面的化学和工程。

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a method to determine mineralogical, textural, and structural attributes of earth and synthetic (inorganic, organic) materials. At Carleton University, a modern XRD research platform is required to accommodate a diverse range of research initiatives in the departments of Earth Sciences, Chemistry, and the departments of Electrical, and Mechanical and Aerospace, Engineering. An Empyrean diffraction system, produced by PANalytical (with offices in Montreal), will be housed in the Department of Earth Sciences, and replace 30-year-old equipment that is no longer reliable nor satisfies the range of research needs. There are three types of analytical experiments. (1) Compositional analysis and quantification will provide information about crystal/molecular structures and mineral/compound abundances. This type of analysis is applicable to synthetic and natural occurring materials. (2) Real-time thermal (<1200 degrees C) analysis will show changing composition and crystal/compound structure with heat. This will be used to replicate artificial thermal and geothermal conditions that influence natural and synthetic material stability, and is relevant to geological systems, reaction of organic material, and industrial/aerospace metals. (3) Analysis of thin films of synthetic material will be conducted to evaluate compositional and microstructural integrity. This is relevant in a diverse set of fields: aerospace industry; gas turbines and reactors; electronic, photovoltaic and ionic devices; and, polymer compounds in thermal optic devices. The modular configuration of the research equipment creates an excellent training environment for research students with regard to experimental design, operation, and analysis. The XRD equipment will create a new research environment and community of scientists undertaking diverse research applications, promoting Canada's knowledge and application base in the following areas: our geological and environmental landscapes; improving on materials relevant to the Canadian aerospace, energy and industrial markets; and, defining the chemistry and engineering of synthetic surfaces that may lead to new technological applications and design.