Acquisition of an X-ray diffraction unit for earth science research and education at the University of Wisconsin, Madison

0824890本提案寻求资金，用于购买一台新的X射线衍射仪。目前已有20年历史的仪器出现了电气问题，并存在背景稳定性不可靠的问题。目前仪器的制造商已经倒闭，没有可用的支持选项。所要求的升级将能够进行普通粉末X射线衍射、微衍射和广角X射线散射。还提出了一种二维图像板探测器系统。X射线衍射仪是研究地球和地外物质的常用技术。研究小组将使用所要求的仪器1)更好地了解地球和行星样本中发现的支持生命的矿物学信号，2)通过矿物特征更好地了解岩石-水的相互作用，3)确定地球和行星岩石中的生物特征，4)了解微生物在含铁粘土和铁氧化物中的氧化还原反应中的作用，以及U(IV)矿物形成和地下的氧化还原过程，以及5)定量调查冰层、风成沉积物和湖泊沉积中的粘土、碳酸盐和长石/石英矿物学，以便重建古气候变化。新仪器将安装在威斯康星大学现有的X射线衍射实验室。目前的基础设施(冷却水、空调、电力、蒸馏水等)都已到位，以支持收购。一名50%时间的X射线衍射仪实验室经理将支持运营，并由PI监督。实验室经理将培训新用户，提供技术支持，维护X射线衍射仪和相关仪器，开发技术并保存常规记录。目前的文书采用了先到先得的网上注册系统，并将继续使用。用户按小时付费。这些费用占FTE实验室经理和维护成本的25%。旧乐器将保留用于培训目的。*

0824890XuThis proposal seeks funding to purchase a new X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument. The current 20 year old instrument has developed electrical problems and suffers from unreliable background stability. The manufacturer of the current instrument has since gone out of business and no support options are available. The requested upgrade will be capable of general powder X-ray diffraction, micro-diffraction, and wide angle X-ray scattering. Also proposed is a 2-D image plate detector system. XRD is a common technique for studying Earth and extraterrestrial materials. The research team will put the requested instrument into service to 1) better understand mineralogical signals indicative of supporting life found in Earth and planetary samples, 2) better understand rock-water interactions through mineral signatures, 3) determine biosignatures in Earth and planetary rocks, 4) understand the role of microbes in mediating redox reactions in Fe-bearing clays and Fe-oxides in addition to U(IV) mineral formation and redox processes in the subsurface, and 5) quantitatively survey clay, carbonate and feldspar/quartz mineralology in glacial tills, eolian sediments, and lacustrine deposits in order to reconstruct paleoclimatic changes. The new instrument will be housed in current X-ray Diffraction Laboratory at UWM. Current infrastructure (cooling water, AC, power, distilled water, etc) is in place to support the acquisition. A 50%-time XRD lab manager will support operation and is supervised by the PI. The lab manager will train new users, provide tech support, maintain the XRD and associated instruments, develop techniques and keep general records. A first-come, first-serve web-based sign up system is in place for the current instrument and will continue to be used. Users pay an hourly fee. The fees support 25% of the FTE lab manager and maintenance costs. The old instrument will be kept for training purposes.***