The hydro-mechanical stability of soil

加拿大依赖水力发电作为清洁和可再生能源的来源。加拿大工程师在水电大坝的创新设计、建造和性能监测方面处于世界领先地位。我们的竞争优势是基于对现有大坝“健康”的了解，并利用这些知识为大坝安全和风险管理决策提供信息。长期管理重要的大坝基础设施带来的知识转移也为采矿部门的尾矿库和市政部门的防洪工程提供了最佳做法。不列颠哥伦比亚省圣约翰堡附近的WAC Bennett大坝是世界上最大的堤坝，建于近50年前。据估计，它的净资产为50亿美元。拟议的研究调查源于1996年班尼特大坝发生的一起重大天坑事件。这项研究包括实验室测试和配套的田野工作。实验室调查将促进我们对渗流引起的土壤内部侵蚀的流体力学影响的理解，产生一个土壤行为数据库来指导改进的工程实践的发展，并验证两种有希望的方法对土坝进行“健康”监测的潜力。在不列颠哥伦比亚省雷弗尔斯托克附近的库西耶大坝现场进行的配套实地调查将产生宝贵的土壤样本，作为实验室调查的一部分，该大坝曾发生过多次天坑事故，并于2003年退役。这项工作的预期成果是：(I)在对土坝渗漏引起的侵蚀的科学认识方面取得进展，(Ii)检测土坝侵蚀的创新方法，这将为国家和国际大坝安全和风险管理准则提供参考。

Canada relies on hydroelectricity as source of clean and renewable energy. Canadian engineers are world-leaders in the innovative design, construction and performance monitoring of hydroelectric dams. Our competitive-edge is based on understanding the “health” of existing dams, and use of that knowledge to inform decisions on dam safety and risk management. Knowledge-transfer from long-term stewardship of critical dam infrastructure also informs best-practices for tailings impoundments in the mining sector and flood protection works in the municipal sector. The WAC Bennett Dam near Fort St. John, British Columbia, was the largest embankment dam in the world when constructed nearly 50 years ago. It has an estimated net-worth of five billion dollars. The proposed research investigation arises from a major sinkhole incident at the Bennett dam in 1996. The research involves laboratory testing and companion fieldwork. The laboratory investigation will advance our understanding of hydro-mechanical influences on seepage-induced internal erosion in soil, yield a database of soil behaviour to guide the development of improved engineering practices, and verify the potential of two promising methods for “health” monitoring of earth dams. A companion field investigation at the site of the Coursier dam near Revelstoke in British Columbia, which experienced a number of sinkhole incidents and was decommissioned in 2003, will yield invaluable soil samples for testing as a part of the laboratory investigation. The anticipated outcomes of the work are (i) advances in a science-based understanding of seepage-induced erosion in earth dams, and (ii) innovative methods for its detection that will inform national and international guidelines on dam safety and risk management.