Solving igneous and tectonic problems using detrital sedimentary petrology

大多数大陆边缘砂岩和页岩来自邻近大陆，作为河流提供的沉积物。在古岩中，准确确定砂岩和页岩的来源随时间的变化可以用来更好地了解源区的火山活动和构造(断层、隆起)。 这项拨款提案有两个目标。首先，改进追踪沉积物来源到古岩石序列的技术，建立在斯科特盆地白垩纪岩石的矿物学、年代学和地球化学数据的广泛现有数据库的基础上。其目的是通过应用多种技术来实现比一两种技术所能达到的更高的来源识别精度。除了对个别矿物进行指纹分析和测年外，还将应用矿物解离分析和热阴极阴极发光等新程序。 第二，将这些技术应用于四个地质问题：(1)早白垩世(100-140 Ma)的斯科特盆地的构造；(2)更广泛地了解加拿大东部边缘的隆升和倾斜及其在向邻近盆地提供沉积物方面的作用；(3)在希腊南部发现可能的古近纪(~40 Ma)火山弧，这对于了解非洲板块何时开始俯冲到爱琴海微板块之下很重要；以及(4)确定希腊大陆主要希勒内德造山期的变形和抬升阶段。在任何情况下，更好地了解火山活动、断层和隆起的历史都超出了当地的意义，并对其他地方的地质过程产生了更广泛的影响。

Most continental margin sandstones and shales were derived from the adjacent continent, as sediment supplied by rivers. In ancient rocks, precisely determining how the sources of sandstones and shales have changed through time can be used to better understand volcanic activity and tectonics (faulting, uplift) in the source area. This grant proposal has two goals. First, to improve techniques for tracking sources of sediment to ancient rock successions, building on an extensive existing data base of mineralogical, geochronological and geochemical data from Cretaceous rocks of the Scotian Basin. The aim is by applying multiple techniques to achieve greater precision in identifying sources than is possible from one or two techniques. New procedures such as Mineral Liberation Analysis and hot-cathode cathodoluminescence will be applied, in a addition to "fingerprinting" and dating individual minerals. Second, to apply these techniques to four geological problems: (1) the tectonics of the Scotian Basin in the Early Cretaceous (100-140 Ma); (2) more generally, understanding uplift and tilting on the eastern Canadian margin and its role in supplying sediment to the adjacent basins; (3) identifying a possible Paleogene (~40 Ma) volcanic arc in southern Greece, important for understanding when subduction of the African plate beneath the Aegean microplate began; and (4) defining the stages of deformation and uplift in the main Hellenide mountain building phase in mainland Greece. In every case, better understanding the history of volcanism, faulting and uplift goes beyond local significance and has broader implications for geological processes elsewhere.