Computational Models For Surgical Navigation

这项研究计划可以简单地归结为对以下问题的追求：计算机科学如何提高外科医生对人体的了解？ 数学建模和虚拟现实可以为生物体建模、预测拟议变化的结果以及指导外科医生进行这些变化提供工具；在整形外科中，我们发现在先进的外科手术中，图像、运动和制造的部件经常被结合在一起。这项工作将利用申请人在计算机方面的专业知识和在外科方面的丰富经验，给出新的理论结果和实施方案，将直接改善加拿大人的健康。这将首先通过将计算机技术集成到北美第一个同时拥有3D X射线扫描仪和3D手术器械跟踪器的手术室来实现。这部分研究的目标是为外科医生提供快速、极其准确的方法，对通常不可见和/或无法使用现有外科技术的解剖区域进行手术。 这项研究的第二部分将开发计算模型来描述复杂的形状，主要是骨骼。这将带来数学描述，从物理学中的广义相对论到髋关节等身体部位。这些模型将改善外科医生了解人体的方式，计划手术程序以纠正关节关节炎等高度流行的疾病，并改进手术前和术后的治疗，如理疗。如果研究成果得以实现，那么加拿大人将享受到对关节疾病进行个性化分析和治疗的更高生活质量，这些疾病影响到我们老龄化人口的很大一部分。

This research program can be summarized simply as the pursuit of answer to the question: "How can computer science improve a surgeon's understanding of the human body?'' Mathematical modeling and virtual reality can provide tools for modeling organisms, predicting outcomes of proposed changes, and guiding a surgeon in making these changes; in orthopedics we find that images, motion and manufactured components are routinely combined in advanced surgical procedures. This work will use the applicant's expertise in computing, and considerable experience in surgery, to give new theoretical results and implementations that will directly improve the health of Canadians. This will be done, first, by integrating computer technology into North America's first operating room to have both 3D X-ray scanners and 3D trackers for surgical instruments. The goal of this part of the research is to provide surgeons with fast, extremely accurate ways of operating on anatomical regions that are normally invisible and/or inaccessible using current surgical techniques. The second part of this research will develop computational models to describe complex shapes, mainly of skeletal bones. This will bring mathematical descriptions, from areas such as General Relativity in physics, to body parts such as the hip joint. These models will improve the ways that surgeons understand the human body, plan surgical procedures to correct highly prevalent diseases such as joint arthritis, and improve preoperative and postoperative treatments such as physiotherapy. If the research results are achieved then Canadians will enjoy greater quality of life from individualized analysis and treatment of joint diseases that affect a large proportion of our aging population.