Oil sand cyclic load - deformation behaviour below surface mining equipment

在阿萨巴斯卡油砂中使用超级采矿设备的成本已经被证明比作为最终用户的矿业公司预期的要高。由于这些装置的循环运动，对迅速恶化的油砂作业表面的维护随着机器尺寸的增加而升级。相反，由于地面轮廓的迅速恶化，这些工具的结构部件的损坏也非常昂贵。随着油砂刚度的恶化，滚动阻力的增加导致了燃料的使用和排放的增加，这继续引发了环境问题。由于恶劣的操作表面条件导致设备的不良运动，操作人员更容易受到全身振动（WBV）引起的背部问题的伤害。原始设备制造商（oem）和油砂矿作业人员意识到，缺乏对油砂地面作业条件的了解是导致上述所有问题的主要根源。

Operation of ultra class mining equipment in the Athabasca oil sands has proven more costly than anticipated by mining companies as end users. Maintenance of rapidly deteriorating oil sand operating surfaces, due to the cyclic motion of these units, has escalated with increase in size of machines. Conversely, damage to structural components of these tools, due to rapidly deteriorating ground profiles, is also costly. Increased fuel use and emissions, attributed to an increase in rolling resistance with deterioration in oil sand stiffness, continue to generate environmental concerns. Injury to operators is more frequent in the guise of whole body vibration (WBV) induced back issues, attributed to adverse equipment motions in response to poor operating surface conditions. Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and oil sand mine operations realize that a lack of understanding of the oil sand surface operating conditions is a dominant root cause of all of the above issues. The intent of this geotechnical based application is increase the knowledge base through a study of oil sand operating surface stiffness change under the cyclic loading action of mining equipment such as trucks, shovels or in-pit crusher plants. As such, considerations of mining equipment operation are purely to define the magnitude and frequency of loading activity; such that cyclic load - deformation response of oil sand may be evaluated in the field, mimicked in a laboratory setting and then modeled. Both conventional and novel geotechnical testing and interpretation techniques will be employed, including proving of passive seismic monitoring as a viable non-intrusive oil sand stiffness monitoring technique. Outcomes will include empirical relations and numerical models providing a mapping of varying underfoot oil sand ground stiffness as progressive mining activities proceed.