Towards a new global view of nuclear structure and nuclear matter through nuclei with large neutron to proton ratio

寻找我们的起源一直是人类最伟大的探索之一。原子核构成了所有物质的核心。他们的 属性决定了它们之间的相互作用，从而创造出我们生存所必需的元素。它是 通过恒星核心中的原子核的级联反应，碳、氧、铁、 我们生存所必需的钙应运而生。恒星核心的环境可以是这样的 那里的原子核的中子与质子的比例很大程度上不对称。因此，这些中子-质子不对称 原子核构成了我们所看到的周围大多数物质存在的途径。这些原子核也是我们的 实验室获取宇宙中存在的富含中子的物质。 中子-质子不对称核展现在我们面前的是一种出人意料的新核观， 质疑和挑战我们半个世纪以来关于原子核和核力的知识。解开 这些奇异原子核的秘密现在是全世界核物理研究的前沿活动。 这些原子核寿命很短，并不是自然存在于地球上的。在过去的二十年里，科学家们 在实验室通过核反应生产出这些稀有的同位素，取得了令人瞩目的成就。 这项研究计划使用了加拿大国家实验室TRIUMF的这种稀有同位素的加速束流， 以及世界上其他一流的实验室，走出我们拥有的受限知识 地球上的核物种。 这些研究成果是加拿大对世界范围内形成完整的 宇宙中原子核的全球视野。因此，这项基础性研究将启发我们的社会 宇宙中的富含中子的物体，以及是什么驱使爆炸的恒星产生我们周围所看到的一切。

Searching for our origins has been one of mankind's greatest quests. Nuclei form the core of all matter. Their properties determine their interactions, allowing for the creation of elements necessary for our survival. It is through cascade of reactions of nuclei in the core of stars that key elements such as carbon, oxygen, iron, calcium that are necessary for our survival, came into being. The environment in the core of stars can be such that nuclei there have largely asymmetric ratio of neutrons to protons. Therefore, these neutron-proton asymmetric nuclei form the pathways to the existence of majority of the matter that we see around us. These nuclei are also our laboratory access to the neutron-rich matter existing in the universe. The neutron-proton asymmetric nuclei are unfolding before us an unexpectedly new view of the nucleus, questioning and challenging our half century-old knowledge of nuclei and nuclear forces. Unraveling the secrets of these exotic nuclei is now the forefront research activity in nuclear physics worldwide. These nuclei being very short-lived do not exist naturally on earth. Over the last two decades scientists have made a remarkable achievement to produce these rare isotopes in the laboratory through nuclear reactions. This research program uses accelerated beams of such rare isotopes in Canada's national laboratory TRIUMF, as well as other premier laboratories in the world to step out of the restricted knowledge we have from stable nuclear species on earth. The research results are Canada's major contribution to a massive effort world-wide in forming a complete global view of nuclei in the cosmos. This fundamental research will thus enlighten our society about neutron-rich objects in the universe and what drives exploding stars to produce all that we see around us.