District Energy Systems in Calgary: A Neighbourhood Scale Systems Analysis

卡尔加里市制定了雄心勃勃的温室气体(GHG)减排目标。一个短期的 缓解行动的目标是实施热电联产系统。热电联产 包括从单一燃料(如天然气)中同时产生电力和有用的热量。热电联产 提供比更传统的蒸汽和电力产生方法更高的效率 废热。这种能效的提高导致燃料消耗更少，从而减少温室气体排放。 然而，热电联产的实际能源表现很大程度上取决于 在给定的社区中，电力和供暖的能源需求。这两个要求反过来又取决于 社区的特点，如建筑物的类型和朝向以及当地的气候 条件。这使得对CHP的评估非常复杂，并对其广泛采用构成了障碍。 该项目为热电联产系统开发了一个评估框架，适用于新的和现有的系统。 事态的发展。该方法应用了能量建模工具，并在一个案例研究(曼彻斯特地区)中进行了测试 在卡尔加里)。评估框架包括对技术性能、能量 需求、成本和环境影响。该框架将提供有关条件和 热电联产将以最低成本实现最大温室气体减排的配置。 洞察力对于帮助ENMAX公司量化CHP相对于传统技术的绩效至关重要 为建筑物供暖提供独立的供暖系统，并为卡尔加里的热电联产系统制定强有力的商业案例。

The City of Calgary has ambitious greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions targets. One short-term mitigation action being targeted is the implementation of combined heat and power (CHP) systems. CHP involves the simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heat from a single fuel such as natural gas. CHP provides improved efficiency over more traditional methods of generating steam and electricity by making use of waste heat. This efficiency gain leads to less fuel being consumed and therefore lower GHG emissions. However, the actual energy performance of CHP strongly depends on the magnitude and simultaneity of the electricity and heating energy demands in a given community. Both of these demands depend, in turn, on the characteristics of the community such as the types and orientation of buildings as well as local climatic conditions. This makes the assessment of CHP very complex, and poses a barrier to its widespread adoption. This project develops an assessment framework for CHP systems that is applicable to both new and existing developments. The method applies energy modeling tools and is tested in a case study (the Manchester district in Calgary). The assessment framework includes the characterization of technical performance, energy demands, cost and environmental impacts. The framework will provide insights about the conditions and configurations under which CHP will deliver the largest GHG emissions reductions at lowest cost.These insights are critical to help ENMAX Corporation quantify the performance of CHP relative to conventional individual systems for heating in buildings, and develop a robust business case for CHP systems in Calgary.