The instability of reservoir habitats and its impact on food webs

这项研究的目的是评估水库不稳定的物理环境限制其食物网生产力的潜力。水库，虽然表面上类似于湖泊，是工程系统的运作，以最大限度地提高水电输出或水储存。它们往往位于陡峭的盆地中，具有高水力吞吐量，并且比天然湖泊经历更大的水位变化。在天然湖泊的生产力是由三个主要的能量流动途径，远洋，沿岸的和深水驱动;然而，在水库的远洋一般是占主导地位的，和沿岸的和深水底栖动物的途径一般是次要的，由于相结合的下拉和深，陡峭的盆地。此外，水周转可以足够快，以限制浮游动物的发展，这通常是缺席的河流输入水库，并缺乏游泳能力，以抵抗平流夹带在水库流出。

The goal of this research is to assess the potential of the unstable physical environment of reservoirs to limit the productivity of their food webs. Reservoirs, although superficially similar to lakes, are engineered systems operated to maximize hydroelectric output or water storage. They tend to be situated in steep-sided basins, have high hydraulic throughput, and experience greater changes in water level than natural lakes. Productivity in natural lakes is driven by three major energy flow pathways, the pelagic, the littoral and the profundal; however in reservoirs the pelagic is generally dominant, and the littoral and the profundal zoobenthic pathways are generally of minor importance due to a combination of draw-down and the deep, steep-sided basins. In addition, water turnover can be sufficiently rapid to limit the development of zooplankton, which are usually absent from the riverine inputs to reservoirs, and lack the swimming ability to resist advective entrainment in the reservoir outflow.