Predictive crack growth models for pipeline integrity and risk management - phase III

管道运输对加拿大经济至关重要。2013年，加拿大价值810亿美元的石油和天然气出口是通过管道运输的。由于所运输物质的危险性，管道的安全和完整性是一个至关重要的问题。尽管管道是最好的运输方式，但在过去的20年里，管道事故在加拿大造成了超过63亿美元的财产损失。近中性pH应力腐蚀开裂（NNpHSCC）对加拿大管道公司和加拿大消费者来说都是一笔巨大的成本。从完整性管理的角度来看，通过对石油管道进行在线检查或对天然气管道进行水压试验来控制SCC。这些技术中的任何一种都可以提供多年的服务故障保护，然后必须重复该过程。测试周期对于输气管道来说特别麻烦，因为只有在水压测试应力下失效的相当大的缺陷才能被水压测试技术检测到。这些程序也非常昂贵。重新检查间隔或重新测试间隔目前是根据经验模型确定的，这些模型相当不精确。本提案的最终目标是了解SCC机制，并开发裂纹扩展控制和完整性管理的解决方案。这项研究建立在2个以前的NSERC CRD项目。在本阶段（第三阶段），将大力提高前几个阶段开发的Pipe-Online（商标待定）软件的可预测性，同时也将注意力转移到一些新的方向。这包括努力开发新的实用方法和/或修改现有方法，以便在管道运行期间更好地管理管道完整性和风险。

Pipeline transportation is vital to Canadian economy. In 2013, Canada's oil and gas exports, worth $81 billion, were carried by pipelines. The safety and integrity of pipelines is a matter of paramount importance due to the hazardous nature of the transported substances. Despite the fact that pipeline is the best method of transportation, over the last 20 years, pipeline incidents have caused over $6.3 billion in property damage in Canada. Near-Neutral pH Stress Corrosion Cracking (NNpHSCC) represents a substantial cost to Canadian pipeline companies and hence to Canadian consumers. SCC is controlled from an integrity management point of view by in-line inspection for oil pipelines or by hydrostatic testing for gas pipelines. Either of these techniques provides protection from in-service failures for a number of years and then the process has to be repeated. The testing cycle is particularly troublesome for gas pipelines since only quite large flaws that fail at hydrotest stress are detected by the hydrostatic testing technique. These procedures are also enormously expensive. The re-inspection interval or re-test interval is currently determined based on empirical models, which are rather imprecise. The ultimate goal of the current proposal is to understand the SCC mechanisms and to develop solutions for crack growth control and integrity management. This research builds upon 2 previous NSERC CRD projects. In the current Phase (Phase III), significant efforts will be made to further improve the predictability of Pipe-Online (trade mark-pending) software developed in previous phases, and at the same time, the attention will also be shifted to some new directions. This includes efforts to develop new practical approaches and/or to modify existing approaches for a better management of pipeline integrity and risk during pipeline operation.