Cyber Physical Systems for Smart Cities

市政基础设施的质量被认为是理所当然的，直到它以某种方式失败。由于大约80%的加拿大人生活在城市地区，民用基础设施的管理成为我们社会和经济新陈代谢的关键。2013-2030年，全球民用基础设施投资估计为57万亿美元。利用信息和通信技术（ICT）为这一民用基础设施提供工具，可以建设更智能的城市，并有望将基础设施效率提高40%。 这项研究的长期目标是建立一个网络物理平台，以支持ICT普及的智能城市的管理和设计。拟议的研究将有助于信息和通信技术（可商业化的影响）在城市基础设施的管理，以改善加拿大城市的市政基础设施的服务能力和性能（环境影响）的结构化整合。R”> The平台的多学科性质包括为城市居民提供增值市政应用所需的新型计算模型、协议和工具。市政应用的例子包括高级旅行者信息系统（ATIS），该系统提供智能城市中多模式旅行者行程的实时规划和监测。ATIS包括基于用户最快、最短或最环保的出行模式的背景设计的路线引导，同时避免可能的交通堵塞/事故，并试图最大限度地减少集体二氧化碳排放和燃料消耗。 在所提出的平台内，市政应用程序自适应地组成的城市动态的基础上，捕捉城市居民，城市基础设施和周围环境的实时上下文。城市动态的表征直接影响到市政应用的功能和非功能需求。拟议的平台能够根据实时上下文改变市政应用的功能组成，还包括有效优化大规模处理大基础设施数据所需的网络和云计算基础设施资源分配的算法。 具体而言，本研究计划旨在回答以下研究问题：“如何智能地组合市政应用以响应城市动态的实时变化（以重点交通网络为例）？以及“如何自适应地管理云基础设施的资源，以实现城市动态感知？"

The quality of the municipal infrastructure is taken for granted until it fails in some way. As around 80% of Canadians live in urban areas, the management of the civil infrastructure becomes key to our societal and economical metabolism. In 2013-2030, global investments in civil infrastructure are estimated at $57 trillion. Instrumenting this civil infrastructure with Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) results in building smarter cities and is expected to increase infrastructure efficiency by 40%. The long-term objective of this research is to build a cyber-physical platform to support the management and design of ICT-pervaded smarter cities. The proposed research will contribute to the structured integration of ICT  (commercializable impact) in the management of urban infrastructure to improve the serviceability and performance (environmental impact) of municipal infrastructure of Canadian cities. The multidisciplinary nature of our R"> The platform includes novel computational models, protocols, and tools required for delivering value-added municipal applications to city residents. Examples of municipal applications include Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS), which provides real-time planning and monitoring of multi-modal travellers' itineraries in a smart city. An ATIS includes route guidance devised based on users' context of quickest, shortest, or most environment-friendly mode of travel while avoiding possible traffic jams/ accidents and attempting to minimize collective Co2 emissions and fuel consumption. Within the proposed platform, municipal applications are adaptively composed based on urban dynamics that capture real-time contexts of city residents, urban infrastructure and surrounding environment. The characterization of urban dynamics directly affects the functional and non-functional requirements of municipal applications. The proposed platform enables changing the functional composition of municipal application based on real-time contexts and also includes algorithms to efficiently optimize the allocation of required cyber and cloud computing infrastructure resources required for large-scale processing of big infrastructure data. Specifically, this research proposal aims at answering the following research questions: "How to intelligently compose municipal applications in response to real-time changes in urban dynamics (with a focus transportation networks as an example)?" and "How to adaptively manage resources of the cloud infrastructure to enable urban dynamics awareness?"