Canada’s contribution to AWAKE – a plasma wakefield experiment at CERN

该提案寻求为加拿大为高级尾波场实验(Awake)做出重要贡献的资金，该实验是等离子体尾波场加速(PWFA)研究领域的领先全球项目之一。在过去的十年中，等离子体中的诱导尾迹加速方案已经显示出超过GV/m的梯度，比现有的射频技术高出3个数量级以上，并有望在未来为粒子物理、X射线科学和医疗应用提供更紧凑和负担得起的加速器。在PWFA项目中独一无二的，也是第一个此类项目是由欧洲核子研究中心SPS同步加速器的400 GeV质子束驱动的觉醒实验。质子单级能量转移的潜力，以及它相对于多级电子驱动替代能源的优势，是引人注目的。与此同时，通过长质子束实现与毫米长尺度上的等离子体波的同步是一个挑战。因此，实验的一个主要焦点是证明一种新的机制，即等离子体中的质子束纵向自调制，这对这一概念的成功至关重要。第一批用于实验的质子预计将于2016年初投入使用。 作为加拿大在粒子和核物理、材料科学和核医学方面的领先实验室，以及加速器科学中心，TRIUMF在探索未来加速器的变革性技术方面拥有独特的资格和使命。第一步是加入具有坚实的科学价值和经过证明的资历的觉醒合作。 ·TRIUMF为唤醒做出了新的束流诊断，其成功依赖于质子、电子和激光在空间和时间上的明确和可控的关系，这对束流诊断的分辨率、准确性和灵敏度提出了严格的要求。TRIUMF建议开发和建造用于电子束电荷测量的高灵敏度法拉第杯，以及用于位置测量的束流位置监测器(BPM)，包括单束电子学。 ·随着机会的出现，TRIUMF对觉醒实验的其他方面做出了贡献，例如Rb等离子体源。 ·TRIUMF计划参与PWFA实验的执行和分析。 该领域还处于起步阶段，新的思路和方法已经成熟，是培养高级研究生的理想环境。在这项提案中，我们要求为2名研究生的活动提供资金。TRIUMF最近被接纳为觉醒合作组织的正式成员。对当前提议的及时资助将确保TRIUMF和整个加拿大科学在未来基础和应用物理这一关键研究领域的坚定存在。

This proposal seeks funding for Canada to make an important contribution to the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE), one of the leading global projects in the field of plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) research. In the past decade acceleration schemes by induced wakefield in plasmas have demonstrated gradients in excess of GV/m, more than 3 orders of magnitude higher than existing radio frequency technology, and hold promise of more compact and affordable future accelerators for particle physics, X-ray science, and medical applications. Unique among PWFA projects and first of its kind is the AWAKE experiment driven by 400 GeV proton beam from the CERN SPS synchrotron. The potential of single-stage energy transfer by proton, and its advantage over multi-stage electron driven alternatives, are compelling. In the meantime achieving synchronism with the plasma wave at a mm length scale by the long proton bunch is a challenge. A major focus of the experiment is thus to demonstrate a novel mechanism, proton bunch longitudinal self-modulation inside the plasma, critical to the success of this concept. First protons to the experiment are expected early in 2016. As Canada’s leading laboratory in particle and nuclear physics, material science and nuclear medicine, and its center for accelerator science, TRIUMF has unique qualifications and a mandate in exploring transformational technologies for future accelerators. A first step is taken by joining the AWAKE collaboration with solid scientific merit and proven credentials. • TRIUMF contributes novel beam diagnostics for AWAKE, whose success depends on well-defined and controllable relations among proton, electron and laser beams in space and in time, imposing tight requirements on resolution, accuracy and sensitivity of beam diagnostics. TRIUMF proposes to develop and construct high sensitivity Faraday Cups for electron beam charge measurements, and beam position monitors (BPMs), including single bunch electronics, for position measurements. • As opportunities arise TRIUMF contributes to other aspects of the AWAKE experiment, such as the rubidium plasma source. • TRIUMF plans to participate in the execution and analysis of PWFA experiments. The field is still in its inception stage and ripe for new ideas and methods, an ideal environment for training advanced graduate students. In this proposal we request funding for activities of 2 graduate students. TRIUMF was recently accepted as a full member of the AWAKE collaboration. Timely funding of the current proposal will secure a firm presence of TRIUMF, and Canadian Science at large, in this vital area of research for fundamental and applied physics of tomorrow.