Mechanisms of regulation of ribosome biogenesis and stress resistance in yeast

在真核细胞中，近三分之一的新合成蛋白质进入内质网(ER)，内质网是一个含有特殊质量控制机制的细胞器，确保新生多肽的正确折叠。不能折叠成正确的构象会导致蛋白质功能丧失和细胞死亡。因此，细胞已经进化出信号通路，对由突变或环境侮辱等各种因素引起的内质网错折叠蛋白负荷(ER Stress)的突然增加做出反应。作为对内质网应激的反应，细胞激活未折叠的蛋白质反应(

In eukaryotic cells, nearly one third of all newly synthetized proteins enter the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle containing specialized quality control machinery that ensures the proper folding of the nascent peptides. Failure to fold into their proper conformation leads to loss of protein function and cell death. Thus, cells have evolved signaling pathways that respond to sudden increases in the ER misfolded protein burden (ER stress) caused by various factors such as mutation or environmental insults. In response to ER stress, cells activate the unfolded protein response (