Regulation of neutrophil extracellular trap formation

中性粒细胞是先天免疫系统不可或缺的组成部分。这些细胞的一个关键功能反应是它们释放所谓的中性粒细胞外陷阱(Net)的能力--一个由突出的染色质细丝组成的网络，上面装饰着组蛋白，以及来自细胞质或细胞内颗粒的蛋白质。十年前，蚊帐首次被描述为诱捕(由此得名)各种微生物的结构，因此可以参与杀死它们。自那以后，在各种炎症环境中检测到了蚊帐，并被证明有助于防止微生物在动物模型中的传播。因此，人们普遍认为，NETS必须代表着对抗感染的主要防御机制。

Neutrophils are indispensable components of the innate immune system. A key functional response of these cells is their ability to release so-called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) – a meshwork of extruded chromatin filaments that are decorated with histones, as well as with proteins originating from the cytoplasm or intracellular granules. NETs were first described a decade ago, as structures that entrap (whence the name) various microorganisms and can thus participate in their killing. NETs have since been detected in a variety of inflammatory contexts, and were shown to help in preventing the dissemination of microorganisms in animals models. As a result, it has become a widely held view that NETs must represent a major defense mechanism against infection.