The cell biology of marginal zone B cells: filopodial networks as an immune sensing apparatus

细胞、器官和生物体必须对环境的变化做出反应。免疫系统是一个很好的模型，说明了感知和警报功能是如何整合的。先天免疫细胞如巨噬细胞在其表面上具有受体，其捕获病原体，识别微生物成分作为危险信号，并启动立即的保护性反应。如果感染没有被清除，适应性免疫系统的T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞被激活，产生更有效和特异性的反应（例如抗体）。关键的中间体是先天性淋巴细胞，如边缘区B细胞（MZB），它检测病原体，警告适应性免疫细胞，并提供保护，直到适应性免疫系统被激活。

Cells, organs, and organisms must respond to changes in their environment. The immune system is an excellent model of how sensing and alerting functions are integrated. Innate immune cells such as macrophages have receptors on their surface that capture pathogens, recognize microbial components as danger signals, and initiate immediate protective responses. If the infection is not cleared, T- and B-lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system are activated to generate more potent and specific responses (e.g. antibodies). Key intermediates are innate-like lymphocytes such as marginal zone B cells (MZBs), which detect pathogens, alert adaptive immune cells, and provide protection until the adaptive immune system is activated.