Maturation of Circuits Underlying Learning and Memory

我们的知觉、认知和情感能力在发育过程中的特定时间出现，并受到早期生活中发生的经验的关键塑造。早期发育也是大脑中参与情绪处理的关键区域，如海马体和前额叶皮质成熟的时期。这种成熟与依赖于海马体-前额叶皮质网络的行为的出现不谋而合，例如产生持久记忆的能力，或记忆持久性。尽管有一致的证据表明，随着记忆持久性的出现，前额叶皮质和海马区的体积、结构和突触发生了变化，

Our perceptual, cognitive and emotional abilities emerge at specific times during development and are critically shaped by experiences that occur during early life. Early development is also a period during which key brain areas involved in emotional processing, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, are maturing. This maturation coincides with the emergence of behaviours dependent on hippocampus-prefrontal cortex networks, such as the ability to generate long lasting memories, or memory persistence. Despite convergent evidence of volumetric, structural, and synaptic changes taking place in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus at the same time as memory persistence emerges,