Biological variations in efficiency of nutrient utilization

我的新陈代谢研究项目的总体目标是为加拿大的牛肉和乳制品生产做出重大贡献，满足消费者对可持续和对社会负责的动物农业日益增长的需求。这一发现基金的长期目标是为阐明相同类型动物在性别、年龄、品种等方面在类似饲料下养分利用效率差异的生理机制做出重大贡献。有足够的证据表明，采食量相对于维持和增重需求的差异是有遗传基础的。采食量的这些差异，在大小和生长的基础上，以低于或高于预期采食量来衡量，现在被衡量为剩余饲料采食量。我们认为，这些差异必须得到生理水平上可测量的生物学过程的支持。本研究的创新之处在于将胃肠道(GIT)的运输机制和代谢过程结合起来，以帮助理解决定农业物种生产特征的分子和生理过程。本工作的预期意义在于：1)将为建立牛的运输和代谢模型以及分析和测量牛组织的运输和代谢能力的相关方法奠定基础。2)它将奠定基础，旨在提供新的饲料/食物评价方法，不仅考虑瘤胃和瘤胃后消化，而且考虑胃和脂肪组织中新陈代谢命运的营养物质的命运。

The overall goal of my metabolic research program is to make significant contributions to the beef and dairy production in Canada that addresses the increasing consumer demands for a sustainable and socially responsible animal agricultural industry. The long term goal of this Discovery Grant is to make significant contribution to elucidate the physiological mechanisms regulating the variation in efficiency of nutrient utilization between animals of the same type in terms of sex, age, breed etc on similar feed. There is enough evidence that there is a genetic basis for the variation in feed intake relative to maintenance and gain requirements. These differences in feed intake, measured as below or above the expected on the basis of size and growth are now measured as residual feed intake. We believe that these differences must be underpinned by measurable biological processes at the physiological level.The novelty of this research is the combination of transport mechanisms and metabolic processes in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in helping to understand the molecular and physiological processes responsible for production characteristics of agricultural species.The expected significance outcomes of this work are: 1) It will lay the foundation for a bovine transport and metabolism model and the associated methods for analyses and measurements of transport and metabolic capabilities of bovine tissues. 2) It will lay the ground work aimed at offering new approaches of feed/food evaluation that considers not only ruminal and post- ruminal digestion but the fates of metabolic fates nutrients in the GIT and adipose tissue.